Evidence mapPaperPMID 25259787Full record

Trial reportPloS one2014

Carbohydrate modified diet & insulin sensitizers reduce body weight & modulate metabolic syndrome measures in EMPOWIR (enhance the metabolic profile of women with insulin resistance): a randomized trial of normoglycemic women with midlife weight gain.

Harriette R Mogul, Ruth Freeman, Khoa Nguyen, Michael Frey, Lee-Ann Klein, Sheila Jozak, Karen Tanenbaum

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · goldAbstract readClinical Trial, Phase IIIRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It reports registered trial NCT00618072. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 29% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT00618072 phase2completed

EMPOWIR: Enhance the Metabolic Profile of Women With Insulin Resistance: Carbohydrate Modified Diet Alone and in Combination With Metformin or Metformin Plus Avandia in Non-diabetic Women With Midlife Weight Gain and Documented Insulin Elevations (Syndrome W)

Ran2008Enrolled46Registered outcomes9Posted comparisons27ConditionsHyperinsulinemia, Insulin Resistance, ObesityArmsmetformin and rosiglitazone
Open the trial in the graph
NCT06975111 phase2 / phase3recruitingstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Focusing on the Menopausal Transition to Improve Mid-Life Women's Health

Ran2026Enrolled200Registered outcomes10Posted comparisons0ConditionsCardiovascular, Menopause, Menopause Hot Flashes, Menopause Related ConditionsArmsAnti-hypertensives, Fezolinetant, Hormonal therapy, Life Style Intervention, Lipid Lowering Medication
Open the trial in the graph
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Harriette R MogulDepartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, United States of America.
Ruth FreemanDepartments of Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America.
Khoa NguyenDepartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, United States of America.
Michael FreyDepartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, United States of America.
Lee-Ann KleinDepartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, United States of America.
Sheila JozakDepartments of Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America.
Karen TanenbaumDepartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, United States of America.
New York Medical College · USAlbert Einstein College of Medicine · US

Funding

NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000086NCATS NIH HHS UL1TR000086PHS HHS NCT00618072
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

rationaleProgressive midlife weight gain is associated with multiple adverse health outcomes and may represent an early manifestation of insulin resistance in a distinct subset of women. Emerging data implicate hyperinsulinema as a proximate cause of weight gain and support strategies that attenuate insulin secretion.

objectiveTo assess a previously reported novel hypocaloric carbohydrate modified diet alone (D), and in combination with metformin (M) and metformin plus low-dose rosiglitazone (MR), in diverse women with midlife weight gain (defined as >20lbs since the twenties), normal glucose tolerance, and hyperinsulinemia.

participants46 women, mean age 46.6±1.0, BMI 30.5±0.04 kg/m2, 54.5% white, 22.7% black, 15.9% Hispanic, at 2 university medical centers.

methodsA dietary intervention designed to reduce insulin excursions was implemented in 4 weekly nutritional group workshops prior to randomization.

main outcome measureChange in 6-month fasting insulin. Pre-specified secondary outcomes were changes in body weight, HOMA-IR, metabolic syndrome (MS) measures, leptin, and adiponectin.

resultsSix-month fasting insulin declined significantly in the M group: 12.5 to 8.0 µU/ml, p = .026. Mean 6-month weight decreased significantly and comparably in D, M, and MR groups: 4.7, 5.4, and 5.5% (p's.049, .002, and.032). HOMA-IR decreased in M and MR groups (2.5 to 1.6 and 1.9 to 1.3, p's = .054, .013). Additional improvement in MS measures included reduced waist circumference in D and MR groups and increased HDL in the D and M groups. Notably, mean fasting leptin did not decline in a subset of subjects with weight loss (26.15±2.01 ng/ml to 25.99±2.61 ng/ml, p = .907. Adiponectin increased significantly in the MR group (11.1±1.0 to 18.5±7.4, p<.001) Study medications were well tolerated.

conclusionsThese findings suggest that EMPOWIR's easily implemented dietary interventions, alone and in combination with pharmacotherapies that target hyperinsulinemia, merit additional investigation in larger, long-term studies.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT00618072.

Indexed as

Body WeightDiet, Carbohydrate-RestrictedInsulin ResistanceBlood GlucoseBody Mass IndexFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansHypoglycemic AgentsLeptinMetabolic SyndromeMiddle AgedPatient ComplianceRisk FactorsTreatment OutcomeBlood GlucoseHypoglycemic AgentsLeptin

Identifiers

PMID25259787
PMCPMC4178125
OpenAlexW2035687004

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.