ReviewCell metabolism2014
Metformin: from mechanisms of action to therapies.
Review in Cell metabolism, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 769 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomized Phase 3 Trial of Metformin in Patients Initiating Androgen Deprivation Therapy as Prevention and Intervention of Metabolic Syndrome: The Prime Study
A Phase II Exploratory Clinical Study Investigating the Geroprotective Effect of Metformin in Middle-aged and Elderly People
Who cites it
769 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,443 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of metformin on bone turnover markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.Archives of osteoporosis · 2026Pooled it
- Metformin in non-diabetic patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.BMC nephrology · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of Metformin on CIMT and FMD in PCOS patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC women's health · 2024Pooled it
- Circulating Profiles of the Bile Acid Metabolomics in Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Treated With Metformin or Canagliflozin.Pharmacotherapy · 2026Trial
- Adjuvant potential of metformin with standard anti-seizure medications in persons with active epilepsy: a randomised controlled trial.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Trial
- The effect of vildagliptin versus metformin on hepatic steatosis in type 2 diabetic patients: a randomized controlled trial.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2024Trial
- Protective Effects of Metformin and Memantine Against Arsenic-Induced Neurotoxicity: Insights from In-Silico and In-Vivo Studies.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Metformin Enhances Antioxidant Defenses and Limits Lipid Peroxidation Through the Modulation of Nrf2/KEAP1 Pathway in Hippocampal Neurons Exposed to Amyloid-β Oligomers.Neurotoxicity research · 2026Article
- Mitochondrial metabolism determines chemotherapy sensitivity in colorectal cancer.Nature metabolism · 2026Article
- Cognitive Impairment Associated with Chemotherapy: Neuroimmunological Interactions, Gut-Brain Axis, and Therapeutic Approaches.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Article
- Immunometabolic reprogramming and mitochondrial dysfunction in acute respiratory distress syndrome: mechanisms, metabolic resilience, and therapeutic perspectives- a narrative review.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Novel Metformin-Containing Antibacterial Composite for Root Caries Restorations.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Plant-derived mitochondria mitigate aging-related neurodegeneration by reprogramming microglial mitochondrial energy metabolism.Translational neurodegeneration · 2026Article
- Mechanobiology-Driven Metabolic Reprogramming: Integrative Roles of YAP/TAZ Signaling and Extracellular Matrix Dynamics.Cell biology international · 2026Review
- Targeting Permeability Barriers By Strategic Selection of Thiol Containing Coformer for Novel Cocrystals of Metformin.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Article
- Article
- Metformin as an Innate Immune Modulator: Metabolic and Epigenetic Reprogramming of Innate Immune Cells and Therapeutic Implications.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Insulin Resistance as a Systemic Metabolic Risk State for Cancer: Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Prevention.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- A metabolic boost to mRNA vaccines.Nature materials · 2026Article
709 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Metformin is currently the first-line drug treatment for type 2 diabetes. Besides its glucose-lowering effect, there is interest in actions of the drug of potential relevance to cardiovascular diseases and cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms of action remain elusive. Convincing data place energy metabolism at the center of metformin's mechanism of action in diabetes and may also be of importance in cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Metformin-induced activation of the energy-sensor AMPK is well documented, but may not account for all actions of the drug. Here, we summarize current knowledge about the different AMPK-dependent and AMPK-independent mechanisms underlying metformin action.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.