Trial reportAmerican heart journal2014
Pioglitazone for secondary prevention after ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack: rationale and design of the Insulin Resistance Intervention after Stroke Trial.
Trial report in American heart journal, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00091949 (Insulin Resistance Intervention After Stroke), which is not on this map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Insulin Resistance Intervention After Stroke (IRIS) Trial
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists for preventing recurrent stroke and other vascular events in people with stroke or transient ischaemic attack.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists for preventing recurrent stroke and other vascular events in people with stroke or transient ischaemic attack.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Silent Myocardial Infarction and Risk of Stroke Recurrence: A Post Hoc Analysis of the IRIS Trial.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Trial
- Heart Failure After Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack in Insulin-Resistant Patients Without Diabetes Mellitus Treated With Pioglitazone.Circulation · 2018Trial
- Targeting Pioglitazone Hydrochloride Therapy After Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack According to Pretreatment Risk for Stroke or Myocardial Infarction.JAMA neurology · 2017Trial
- Pioglitazone and Risk for Bone Fracture: Safety Data From a Randomized Clinical Trial.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2017Trial
- Pioglitazone Prevents Diabetes in Patients With Insulin Resistance and Cerebrovascular Disease.Diabetes care · 2016Trial
- Taking care of volunteers in a stroke trial: a new assisted-management strategy.Stroke and vascular neurology · 2016Trial
- Pioglitazone after Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack.The New England journal of medicine · 2016 · on this mapTrial
- Primary cardiovascular preventive effect of thiazolidinedione in adults with type 2 diabetes: A nationwide cohort study in Korea.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2026Article
- Study on insulin resistance and ischemic cerebrovascular disease: A bibliometric analysisFrontiers in public health · 2023Review
- Post-stroke cognitive impairment and the risk of stroke recurrence and death in patients with insulin resistance.Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association · 2022Article
- Peripheral Organ Injury After Stroke.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Platelet Effects of Anti-diabetic Therapies: New Perspectives in the Management of Patients with Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists for preventing recurrent stroke and other vascular events in people with stroke or transient ischaemic attack.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Review
- Distance from Home to Research Center: A Barrier to In-Person Visits but Not Treatment Adherence in a Stroke Trial.Neuroepidemiology · 2018Article
- Smoking cessation and outcome after ischemic stroke or TIA.Neurology · 2017Article
- Insulin resistance in ischemic stroke.Metabolic brain disease · 2017Review
- Pioglitazone and cardiovascular risk reduction: time for a second look?Cardiovascular endocrinology · 2017Review
- Reducing sedentary time and fat mass may improve glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in adults surviving 6 months after stroke: A phase I pilot study.European stroke journal · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRecurrent vascular events remain a major source of morbidity and mortality after stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). The IRIS Trial is evaluating an approach to secondary prevention based on the established association between insulin resistance and increased risk for ischemic vascular events. Specifically, IRIS will test the effectiveness of pioglitazone, an insulin-sensitizing drug of the thiazolidinedione class, for reducing the risk for stroke and myocardial infarction (MI) among insulin resistant, nondiabetic patients with a recent ischemic stroke or TIA.
designEligible patients for IRIS must have had insulin resistance defined by a Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance > 3.0 without meeting criteria for diabetes. Within 6 months of the index stroke or TIA, patients were randomly assigned to pioglitazone (titrated from 15 to 45 mg/d) or matching placebo and followed for up to 5 years. The primary outcome is time to stroke or MI. Secondary outcomes include time to stroke alone, acute coronary syndrome, diabetes, cognitive decline, and all-cause mortality. Enrollment of 3,876 participants from 179 sites in 7 countries was completed in January 2013. Participant follow-up will continue until July 2015. SUMMARY: The IRIS Trial will determine whether treatment with pioglitazone improves cardiovascular outcomes of nondiabetic, insulin-resistant patients with stroke or TIA. Results are expected in early 2016.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.