Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25498998›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of hypertension2015

Reducing racial and ethnic disparities in hypertension prevention and control: what will it take to translate research into practice and policy?

Michael Mueller, Tanjala S Purnell, George A Mensah, Lisa A Cooper

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of hypertension, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 80 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
80citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
7.7field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

80 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 120 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Efficacy and safety of a four-drug, quarter-dose treatment for hypertension: the QUARTET USA randomized trial.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2024
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  11. Causal Inference in Health Disparities Research.Annual review of public health · 2026
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20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Michael MuellerDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;
Tanjala S Purnell
George A MensahCenter for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA;
Lisa A CooperDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Johns Hopkins Center to Eliminate Cardiovascular Health Disparities, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. lisa.cooper@jhmi.edu.
Johns Hopkins Medicine · USJohns Hopkins University · USNational Heart Lung and Blood Institute · US

Funding

BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH IN HEART &VASCULAR DISEASET32HL007180 · NHLBI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI MARUTHUR, NISA M · 1985 to 2020
$11.4M
TRAINING COREP50HL105187 · NHLBI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI COOPER, LISA A · 2010 to 2014
$9.8M
Patient-Oriented Research in Cardiovascular DisparitiesK24HL083113 · NHLBI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI COOPER, LISA A · 2006 to 2015
$2.0M
NHLBI NIH HHS 5T32HL007180NHLBI NIH HHS K24 HL083113NHLBI NIH HHS P50 HL0105187NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL007180PHS HHS HRSA-11-156
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionDespite available, effective therapies, racial and ethnic disparities in care and outcomes of hypertension persist. Several interventions have been tested to reduce disparities; however, their translation into practice and policy is hampered by knowledge gaps and limited collaboration among stakeholders.

methodsWe characterized factors influencing disparities in blood pressure (BP) control by levels of an ecological model. We then conducted a literature search using PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL databases to identify interventions targeted toward reducing disparities in BP control, categorized them by the levels of the model at which they were primarily targeted, and summarized the evidence regarding their effectiveness.

resultsWe identified 39 interventions and several state and national policy initiatives targeted toward reducing racial and ethnic disparities in BP control, 5 of which are ongoing. Most had patient populations that were majority African-American. Of completed interventions, 27 demonstrated some improvement in BP control or related process measures, and 7 did not; of the 6 studies examining disparities, 3 reduced, 2 increased, and 1 had no effect on disparities.

conclusionsSeveral effective interventions exist to improve BP in racial and ethnic minorities; however, evidence that they reduce disparities is limited, and many groups are understudied. To strengthen the evidence and translate it into practice and policy, we recommend rigorous evaluation of pragmatic, sustainable, multilevel interventions; institutional support for training implementation researchers and creating broad partnerships among payers, patients, providers, researchers, policymakers, and community-based organizations; and balance and alignment in the priorities and incentives of each stakeholder group.

Indexed as

Healthcare DisparitiesHealth Status DisparitiesHypertensionBlood Pressure DeterminationDisease ManagementEthnicityEvidence-Based PracticeFemaleHealth Services Needs and DemandHumansMaleMiddle AgedNational Health ProgramsOutcome and Process Assessment, Health CareQuality ImprovementRacial Groupsblood pressuredisparitieshypertensioninterventionspolicypreventionracial inequitiesresearch translation.

Identifiers

PMID25498998
PMCPMC4447820
OpenAlexW2009235544

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.