Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25767796›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in cell and developmental biology2015

Rethinking gene regulatory networks in light of alternative splicing, intrinsically disordered protein domains, and post-translational modifications.

Karl J Niklas, Sarah E Bondos, A Keith Dunker, Stuart A Newman

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in cell and developmental biology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
59citing papers in PubMed
6.8field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

59 citing papers in PubMed, 122 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Karl J NiklasPlant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University Ithaca, NY, USA.
Sarah E BondosDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center College Station, TX, USA.
A Keith DunkerCenter for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, School of Medicine, Indiana University Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Stuart A NewmanDepartment of Cell Biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College Valhalla, NY, USA.
Cornell University · USNew York Medical College · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Models for genetic regulation and cell fate specification characteristically assume that gene regulatory networks (GRNs) are essentially deterministic and exhibit multiple stable states specifying alternative, but pre-figured cell fates. Mounting evidence shows, however, that most eukaryotic precursor RNAs undergo alternative splicing (AS) and that the majority of transcription factors contain intrinsically disordered protein (IDP) domains whose functionalities are context dependent as well as subject to post-translational modification (PTM). Consequently, many transcription factors do not have fixed cis-acting regulatory targets, and developmental determination by GRNs alone is untenable. Modeling these phenomena requires a multi-scale approach to explain how GRNs operationally interact with the intra- and intercellular environments. Evidence shows that AS, IDP, and PTM complicate gene expression and act synergistically to facilitate and promote time- and cell-specific protein modifications involved in cell signaling and cell fate specification and thereby disrupt a strict deterministic GRN-phenotype mapping. The combined effects of AS, IDP, and PTM give proteomes physiological plasticity, adaptive responsiveness, and developmental versatility without inefficiently expanding genome size. They also help us understand how protein functionalities can undergo major evolutionary changes by buffering mutational consequences.

Indexed as

cell fate specificationcombinatorial transcription regulationdevelopmenteukaryotesevolutiongene regulatory networksmulti-stable dynamical systemsprotein structure

Identifiers

PMID25767796
PMCPMC4341551
OpenAlexW1979014097

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.