Evidence mapPaperPMID 25901022Full record

Trial reportJournal of diabetes science and technology2015

Safe and Effective Use of the Once Weekly Dulaglutide Single-Dose Pen in Injection-Naïve Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.

Glenn Matfin, Kate Van Brunt, Alan G Zimmermann, Rebecca Threlkeld, Debra A Ignaut

Abstract readClinical TrialMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of diabetes science and technology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Patient Perceptions of and Preferences Between Characteristics of Injectable Diabetes Treatments.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2021
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Efficacy of Dulaglutide as a First Injectable Option for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Post-Hoc Pooled Analysis.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2019
    Article
  9. Consensus Recommendations on GLP-1 RA Use in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: South Asian Task Force.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2019
    Review
  10. GLP-1 Receptor Agonists for Type 2 Diabetes and Their Role in Primary Care: An Australian Perspective.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2019
    Review
  11. A Review of Practical Issues on the Use of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2019
    Review
  12. Observational
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Advances in the treatment of type 2 diabetes: impact of dulaglutide.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2016
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Glenn MatfinInternational Diabetes Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Kate Van BruntEli Lilly and Company, Windlesham, Surrey, UK.
Alan G ZimmermannEli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Rebecca ThrelkeldEli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Debra A IgnautEli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA ignaut_debra_a@lilly.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis 4-week, phase 3b, multicenter, open-label, single-arm, outpatient study demonstrated the safe and effective use of the dulaglutide single-dose pen containing 0.5 mL of placebo for subcutaneous injection in injection-naïve adult patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), with A1C ≤ 8.5% (69 mmol/mol), BMI ≥ 23 kg/m2 and ≤ 45 kg/m(2).

methodPatients completed a modified self-injecting subscale of the Diabetes Fear of Injecting and Self-Testing Questionnaire (mD-FISQ) and were trained to self-inject with the single-dose pen. Patients completed the initial self-injection at the site, injected at home for 2 subsequent weeks, and returned to the site for the final injection. The initial and final self-injections were evaluated for success; the final (initial) self-injection success rate was the primary (secondary) outcome measure, and the primary (secondary) objective was to demonstrate this success rate as being significantly greater than 80%. Patients recorded their level of pain after each injection. After the final injection, patients completed the mD-FISQ and the Medication Delivery Device Assessment Battery (MDDAB) to assess their perceptions of the single-dose pen, including ease of use and experience with the device.

resultsAmong 211 patients (mean age: 61 years), the primary objective was met, with a final injection success rate of 99.1% (95% CI: 96.6% to 99.7%). Among 214 patients, the initial injection success rate was 97.2% (95% CI: 94.0% to 98.7%), meeting the key secondary objective. Overall, most patients (>96%) found the device easy to use, were satisfied with the device, and would be willing to continue to use the single-dose pen after the study. There was a significant reduction (P < .001) from baseline to study end in patients' fear of self-injecting, as measured by the mD-FISQ.

conclusionsThe dulaglutide single-dose pen was found to be a safe and effective device for use by patients with T2D who were injection-naïve. A positive injection experience is an important factor for patients and providers when initiating injectable therapy.

Indexed as

AgedDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2FemaleGlucagon-Like PeptidesHumansHypoglycemic AgentsImmunoglobulin Fc FragmentsInjections, SubcutaneousMaleMiddle AgedPatient PreferencePatient SatisfactionRecombinant Fusion ProteinsTreatment OutcomedulaglutideGlucagon-Like PeptidesHypoglycemic AgentsImmunoglobulin Fc FragmentsRecombinant Fusion Proteinsdulaglutideself-injectionsingle-dose pentype 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID25901022
PMCPMC4667342

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.