ReviewNeuroscience and biobehavioral reviews2015
Actions and interactions of estradiol and glucocorticoids in cognition and the brain: Implications for aging women.
Review in Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Translational interdisciplinary research on human chorionic gonadotropin's enhancement of neuroendocrine crosstalk: a novel medical hypothesis for systemic adjunctive treatment of psychiatric disorders.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- The effects of acute stress on episodic memory: A meta-analysis and integrative review.Psychological bulletin · 2017Pooled it
- The Direct and Long-Term Effects of Raloxifene as Adjunctive Treatment for Schizophrenia-Spectrum Disorders: A Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2023Trial
- Estradiol Therapy After Menopause Mitigates Effects of Stress on Cortisol and Working Memory.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2017Trial
- Estradiol modulated brain connectivity in females during midlife performing an episodic memory task.Brain imaging and behavior · 2026Article
- Gender differences and psychosocial stress in upper respiratory tract infections: insights from healthy and hematological cancer cohorts.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Estradiol and social withdrawal in addiction: a sex-specific neuroendocrine perspective.Oxford open neuroscience · 2026Article
- Altered Cortical Structure in Primary Dysmenorrhea: Cortical Thickness Mediates the Association Between Estradiol and Pain Catastrophizing.Journal of pain research · 2026Article
- Clinical, Biochemical, and Psychological Predictors of Metabolic Syndrome in Climacteric Women.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Zuogui Pills Improve the Learning and Memory Ability of Brain-Aging Mice through the Estrogen Receptor ERα Methylation Pathway.Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening · 2025Article
- The multiple roles of chronic stress and glucocorticoids in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis.Trends in neurosciences · 2024Review
- The influence of sex on neuroimmune communication, pain, and physiology.Biology of sex differences · 2024Review
- Increased intestinal bile acid absorption contributes to age-related cognitive impairment.Cell reports. Medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Under pressure: the interaction between high-stakes contexts and individual differences in decision-making in humans and non-human species.Animal cognition · 2023Review
- Understanding the relationships between physiological and psychosocial stress, cortisol and cognition.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Longitudinal evaluation of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), its sulfated form and estradiol with cancer-related cognitive impairment in early-stage breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Sex hormones and physical function among the Chinese oldest-old and centenarian women.Journal of translational medicine · 2022Article
- Effect of Yakae-Prajamduen-Jamod Traditional Thai Remedy on Cognitive Impairment in an Ovariectomized Mouse Model and Its Mechanism of Action.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Does obesity-associated insulin resistance affect brain structure and function of adolescents differentially by sex?Psychiatry research. Neuroimaging · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Menopause involves dramatic declines in estradiol production and levels. Importantly, estradiol and the class of stress hormones known as glucocorticoids exert countervailing effects throughout the body, with estradiol exerting positive effects on the brain and cognition, glucocorticoids exerting negative effects on the brain and cognition, and estradiol able to mitigate negative effects of glucocorticoids. Although the effects of these hormones in isolation have been extensively studied, the effects of estradiol on the stress response and the neuroprotection offered against glucocorticoid exposure in humans are less well known. Here we review evidence suggesting that estradiol-related protection against glucocorticoids mitigates stress-induced interference with cognitive processes. Animal and human research indicates that estradiol-related mitigation of glucocorticoid damage and interference is one benefit of estradiol supplementation during peri-menopause or soon after menopause. The evidence for estradiol-related protection against glucocorticoids suggests that maintaining estradiol levels in post-menopausal women could protect them from stress-induced declines in neural and cognitive integrity.
Indexed as
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.