Evidence mapPaperPMID 25943756Full record

ReviewThe lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology2015

Pleiotropic effects of type 2 diabetes management strategies on renal risk factors.

Marcel H A Muskiet, Lennart Tonneijck, Mark M Smits, Mark H H Kramer, Hiddo J Lambers Heerspink, Daniël H van Raalte

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03361098 (Combined Effects of SGLT2 Inhibition and GLP-1 Receptor Agonism on Food Intake, Body Weight and Central Satiety and Reward Circuits in Obese T2DM Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 29 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
7.0field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03361098 phase4completedstarted 2017, after this paper: background citation

Combined Effects of SGLT2 Inhibition and GLP-1 Receptor Agonism on Food Intake, Body Weight and Central Satiety and Reward Circuits in Obese T2DM Patients

Ran2017Enrolled65Registered outcomes18Posted comparisons0ConditionsObesity, Type 2 Diabetes MellitusArmsDapagliflozin 10mg, exenatide, placebo dapagliflozin, placebo exenatide
Open the trial in the graph
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 77 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  10. Renal functional reserve predicts GFR response to empagliflozin in RENALIS and RACELINES clinical trials.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2026
    Article
  11. Incretin and glucagon receptor polypharmacology in chronic kidney disease.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2024
    Review
  12. Review
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  17. Mechanisms of Cardiorenal Protection of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists.Advances in chronic kidney disease · 2021 · on this map
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Marcel H A MuskietDepartment of Internal Medicine and Diabetes Centre, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Electronic address: ma.muskiet@vumc.nl.
Lennart TonneijckDepartment of Internal Medicine and Diabetes Centre, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Mark M SmitsDepartment of Internal Medicine and Diabetes Centre, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Mark H H KramerDepartment of Internal Medicine and Diabetes Centre, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Hiddo J Lambers HeerspinkDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
Daniël H van RaalteDepartment of Internal Medicine and Diabetes Centre, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc · NLUniversity of Groningen · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In parallel with the type 2 diabetes pandemic, diabetic kidney disease has become the leading cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide, and is associated with high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. As established in landmark randomised trials and recommended in clinical guidelines, prevention and treatment of diabetic kidney disease focuses on control of the two main renal risk factors, hyperglycaemia and systemic hypertension. Treatment of systemic hypertension with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin-receptor blockers is advocated because these drugs seem to exert specific renoprotective effects beyond blood pressure lowering. Emerging evidence shows that obesity, glomerular hyperfiltration, albuminuria, and dyslipidaemia might also adversely affect the kidney in diabetes. Control of these risk factors could have additional benefits on renal outcome in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, despite multifactorial treatment approaches, residual risk for the development and progression of diabetic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes remains, and novel strategies or therapies to treat the disease are urgently needed. Several drugs used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes are associated with pleiotropic effects that could favourably or unfavourably change patients' renal risk profile. We review the risk factors and treatment of diabetic kidney disease, and describe the pleiotropic effects of widely used drugs in type 2 diabetes management on renal outcomes, with special emphasis on antihyperglycaemic drugs.

Indexed as

Body WeightDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diabetic NephropathiesDisease ManagementHumansHyperglycemiaHypertensionHypoglycemic AgentsObesityRisk FactorsRisk Reduction BehaviorHypoglycemic Agents

Identifiers

PMID25943756
OpenAlexW2121310592

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.