Evidence mapPaperPMID 25992877Full record

Trial reportAnesthesiology2015

Intraoperative tight glucose control using hyperinsulinemic normoglycemia increases delirium after cardiac surgery.

Leif Saager, Andra E Duncan, Jean-Pierre Yared, Brian D Hesler, Jing You, Anupa Deogaonkar, Daniel I Sessler, Andrea Kurz

Open access · bronzeAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Anesthesiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
3.5field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Interventions for preventing delirium in hospitalised non-ICU patients.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016
    Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Observational
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. The Role of Stress Hyperglycemia on Delirium Onset.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Perioperative glycaemic control for people with diabetes undergoing surgery.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.

Leif SaagerFrom the Departments of Outcomes Research (L.S., A.E.D., J.-P.Y., B.D.H., J.Y., D.I.S., A.K.), Cardiothoracic Anesthesia (A.E.D., J.-P.Y.), Quantitative Health Sciences (J.Y.), Regional Practice Anesthesiology (A.D.), and General Anesthesiology (A.K.), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
Andra E Duncan
Jean-Pierre Yared
Brian D Hesler
Jing You
Anupa Deogaonkar
Daniel I Sessler
Andrea Kurz
Yahoo (Spain) · ES

Funding

NHLBI NIH HHS HL093065NHLBI NIH HHS K23 HL093065
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPostoperative delirium is common in patients recovering from cardiac surgery. Tight glucose control has been shown to reduce mortality and morbidity. Therefore, the authors sought to determine the effect of tight intraoperative glucose control using a hyperinsulinemic-normoglycemic clamp approach on postoperative delirium in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

methodsThe authors enrolled 198 adult patients having cardiac surgery in this randomized, double-blind, single-center trial. Patients were randomly assigned to either tight intraoperative glucose control with a hyperinsulinemic-normoglycemic clamp (target blood glucose, 80 to 110 mg/dl) or standard therapy (conventional insulin administration with blood glucose target, <150 mg/dl). Delirium was assessed using a comprehensive delirium battery. The authors considered patients to have experienced postoperative delirium when Confusion Assessment Method testing was positive at any assessment. A positive Confusion Assessment Method was defined by the presence of features 1 (acute onset and fluctuating course) and 2 (inattention) and either 3 (disorganized thinking) or 4 (altered consciousness).

resultsPatients randomized to tight glucose control were more likely to be diagnosed as being delirious than those assigned to routine glucose control (26 of 93 vs. 15 of 105; relative risk, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.06 to 3.37; P = 0.03), after adjusting for preoperative usage of calcium channel blocker and American Society of Anesthesiologist physical status. Delirium severity, among patients with delirium, was comparable with each glucose management strategy.

conclusionIntraoperative hyperinsulinemic-normoglycemia augments the risk of delirium after cardiac surgery, but not its severity.

Indexed as

AgedAged, 80 and overBlood GlucoseCardiac Surgical ProceduresConfusionDeliriumDouble-Blind MethodFemaleGlucose Clamp TechniqueHumansHyperinsulinismIntraoperative CareMaleMiddle AgedNeuropsychological TestsPostoperative ComplicationsBlood Glucose

Identifiers

PMID25992877
PMCPMC4440226
OpenAlexW2017135555

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.