ReviewAutophagy2015
Differential regulatory functions of three classes of phosphatidylinositol and phosphoinositide 3-kinases in autophagy.
Review in Autophagy, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 121 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
121 citing papers in PubMed, 200 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inhibition of mTOR Signaling and Clinical Activity of Rapamycin in Head and Neck Cancer in a Window of Opportunity Trial.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2019Trial
- The multifaceted significance of phosphoinositides in endocytic trafficking.FEBS letters · 2026Review
- PI3K/AKT signaling pathway: molecular crossroads in tumorigenesis and therapeutic innovation.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Cyclo-C stabilizes PEX13 to inhibit porcine epidemic diarrhea virus replication by blocking pexophagy-mediated disruption of antiviral innate immunity.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- A Multidimensional Engineering Strategy Reprograms Microglia via Targeted and Sustained-Release Extracellular Vesicles for Spinal Cord Injury Repair.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Micropeptide SCAPEP triggers lung adenocarcinoma tumorigenesis via regulating autophagy by promoting CDK15-mediated phosphorylation of vimentin.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Targeting Autophagy in Ovarian Cancer: The Emerging Role of Ginsenosides.Cancer medicine · 2026Review
- Unravelling the novel insights between miR-7 and Parkinson's disease (PD).Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Review
- PTPN22 as a therapeutic target in intervertebral disc degeneration: Modulating mitophagy and pyroptosis through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- MITF regulates autophagy and extracellular vesicle cargo in gastrointestinal stromal tumors.Molecular biomedicine · 2025Article
- The role of angiotensin (1-7) in pancreatic β-cell function and survival: A focus on autophagy.Medicine · 2025Article
- Autophagy disruption and mitochondrial stress precede photoreceptor necroptosis in multiple mouse models of inherited retinal disorders.Nature communications · 2025Article
- TIA1-Mediated Stress Granules Promote the Neuroinflammation and Demyelination in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis through Upregulating IL-31RA Signaling.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Autophagy controls neuronal differentiation by regulating the WNT-DVL signaling pathway.Autophagy · 2025Article
- Tianxiangdan suppresses foam cell formation by enhancing lipophagy and reduces the progression of atherosclerosis.In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal · 2025Article
- Histopathological and Proteomics Analysis of ShrimpMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Article
- Natural Compounds in Kidney Disease: Therapeutic Potential and Drug Development.Biomolecules & therapeutics · 2025Review
- Targeting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway: an important molecular mechanism of herbal medicine in the treatment of MASLD/MASH.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- Synthetic rescue of Xeroderma Pigmentosum C phenotype via PIK3C3 downregulation.Cell death & disease · 2024Article
61 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved and exquisitely regulated self-eating cellular process with important biological functions. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PtdIns3Ks) and phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are involved in the autophagic process. Here we aim to recapitulate how 3 classes of these lipid kinases differentially regulate autophagy. Generally, activation of the class I PI3K suppresses autophagy, via the well-established PI3K-AKT-MTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin) complex 1 (MTORC1) pathway. In contrast, the class III PtdIns3K catalytic subunit PIK3C3/Vps34 forms a protein complex with BECN1 and PIK3R4 and produces phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P), which is required for the initiation and progression of autophagy. The class II enzyme emerged only recently as an alternative source of PtdIns3P and autophagic initiator. However, the orthodox paradigm is challenged by findings that the PIK3CB catalytic subunit of class I PI3K acts as a positive regulator of autophagy, and PIK3C3 was thought to be an amino acid sensor for MTOR, which curbs autophagy. At present, a number of PtdIns3K and PI3K inhibitors, including specific PIK3C3 inhibitors, have been developed for suppression of autophagy and for clinical applications in autophagy-related human diseases.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.