ArticlePediatric diabetes2016
Lipoprotein subfraction cholesterol distribution is more atherogenic in insulin resistant adolescents with type 1 diabetes.
Article in Pediatric diabetes, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of metformin on the high-density lipoprotein proteome in youth with type 1 diabetes.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2021Trial
- Effects of Metformin Added to Insulin in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: An Exploratory Crossover Randomized Trial.Journal of diabetes research · 2020Trial
- Metformin Improves Peripheral Insulin Sensitivity in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2019Trial
- Altered small dense LDL profiles in long-standing controlled type 1 diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Observational
- Low LDL particle levels associate with coronary arteries free from atherosclerosis in long-term type 1 diabetes: the Dialong study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Article
- Heterogeneous response of estimated insulin sensitivity indices to metformin in young individuals with type 1 diabetes and different phenotypes.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2024Article
- Cardiovascular disease in diabetes, beyond glucose.Cell metabolism · 2021Review
- Lipid management for cardiovascular risk reduction in type 1 diabetes.Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity · 2020Review
- The Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Cardiovascular Risk Onset in Children and Adolescents.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Comparison of mechanisms and transferability of outcomes of SGLT2 inhibition between type 1 and type 2 diabetes.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2020Review
- Association of metformin and statin medications with surrogate measures of cardiovascular disease in youth with type 1 diabetes: the SEARCH for diabetes in youth study.Annals of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism · 2019Article
- Low cholesterol efflux capacity and abnormal lipoprotein particles in youth with type 1 diabetes: a case control study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2018Observational
- Metformin Improves Insulin Sensitivity and Vascular Health in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.Circulation · 2018Article
- Pathogenesis of Lipid Disorders in Insulin Resistance: a Brief Review.Current diabetes reports · 2018Review
- Youth With Type 1 Diabetes Have Adipose, Hepatic, and Peripheral Insulin Resistance.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2018Article
- Modifiable Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Children with Type 1 Diabetes: Can Early Intervention Prevent Future Cardiovascular Events?Current diabetes reports · 2017Review
- The role and function of HDL in patients with diabetes mellitus and the related cardiovascular risk.Lipids in health and disease · 2017Review
- Obese adolescents with polycystic ovarian syndrome have elevated cardiovascular disease risk markers.Vascular medicine (London, England) · 2017Article
- Influences of gender on cardiovascular disease risk factors in adolescents with and without type 1 diabetes.International journal of pediatric endocrinology · 2016Article
- Estimated insulin sensitivity and cardiovascular disease risk factors in adolescents with and without type 1 diabetes.The Journal of pediatrics · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aims/hypothesisAdolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) often have a less atherogenic-appearing fasting lipid profile than controls, despite increased rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) as adults. We previously reported an atherogenic lipoprotein subfraction cholesterol distribution associated with insulin resistance (IR) in T1D adults. We sought to determine if T1D youth have more atherogenic profile than controls via a cross-sectional study.
methodsFollowing 3 days of controlled diet and restricted exercise, fasting plasma samples were drawn from 28 T1D youth [50% female, age 15.3 ± 2 yr, body mass index (BMI) 48%ile; diabetes duration 73 ± 52 months, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) 8.3 ± 1.4%] and 17 non-diabetic controls (47% female, age: 15.0 ± 2 yr, BMI 49%ile) prior to a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp. Lipoproteins were fractionated by fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) and lipoprotein cholesterol distribution determined. Outcome measures were IR assessed by glucose infusion rate (GIR) and FPLC lipoprotein subfraction cholesterol distribution.
resultsT1D youth were more IR (GIR 9.1 ± 3.6 vs. 14.7 ± 3.9 mg/kg/min, p < 0.0001) and had more cholesterol distributed as small dense low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and less as large buoyant high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) than controls (p < 0.05), despite no differences in the fasting lipid panel. T1D girls lacked the typical female less-atherogenic profile, whereas control girls tended to have a shift toward less dense LDL-C and HDL-C vs. control boys. Among T1D, IR but not HbA1c was associated with a more atherogenic lipoprotein profile. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATIONS: Normal weight T1D youth, especially females, had more atherogenic LDL-C and HDL-C distributions which correlated with lower insulin sensitivity. IR may contribute to the increased CVD burden in T1D.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.