SynthesisInternational journal of obesity (2005)2015
Association between eating rate and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in International journal of obesity (2005), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 114 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
114 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The Relationship between Music and Food Intake: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2021Pooled it
- Association of mastication and factors affecting masticatory function with obesity in adults: a systematic review.BMC oral health · 2018Pooled it
- Trial
- Chewing increases postprandial diet-induced thermogenesis.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial Feasibility Study of a WhatsApp-Delivered Intervention to Promote Healthy Eating Habits in Male Firefighters.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Trial
- Mobile Health Apps in Pediatric Obesity Treatment: Process Outcomes From a Feasibility Study of a Multicomponent Intervention.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2020Trial
- Comparison of Self-Reported Speed of Eating with an Objective Measure of Eating Rate.Nutrients · 2020Trial
- Association between Eating Speed and Classical Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study.Nutrients · 2019Trial
- Enhancing Nutritional Ingestive Behavior Microstructure Detection: Video Annotation and Passive Sensing Approaches.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Night shift work and dietary behaviors: a comparative analysis of European night shift and day workers from the SHIFT2HEALTH online survey.Nutrition journal · 2026Article
- Association between eating speed, body composition, and physical activity: a cross-sectional study in Gujarat, India.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- The sustained effect of texture-based eating rate on food intake in an 11-d randomised controlled trial.The British journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Mediating role of metabolic factors in the association between dietary habits and the onset of type 2 diabetes: a population-based Panasonic cohort study 19.BMJ nutrition, prevention & health · 2026Article
- High Reproducibility and Agreement of Meal Duration, Number of Chews, and Chewing Tempo Measured with a Standardized Test Meal.Nutrients · 2025Observational
- From Overweight to Severe Obesity: Physical Activity and Behavioural Profiles in a Large Clinical Cohort.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Article
- Chronotype, Lifestyles, and Anthropometric and Biochemical Indices for Cardiovascular Risk Assessment Among Obese Individuals.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Comparison of clinical characteristics and dietary intakes according to phenotypes of type 2 diabetes mellitus in South Korea: a cross-sectional study.Korean journal of community nutrition · 2025Article
54 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe association between eating rate and obesity has recently been reported. However, the findings remain inconclusive.
objectivesWe undertook a systematic review with a meta-analysis of published epidemiological studies to provide a reliable close estimate of the association between eating rate and obesity.
methodsA comprehensive search of MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL was conducted to identify studies that reported quantitative estimates for indices of obesity based on the category of eating rate. Interventional studies or studies conducted using children as subjects were excluded. Two independent researchers extracted the data. A summary estimate was calculated using a random-effects model, and subgroup analyses were conducted to identify sources of heterogeneity.
resultsData from 23 published studies were eligible for inclusion. The mean difference in body mass indices (BMIs) between individuals who ate quickly and those who ate slowly was 1.78 kg m(-2) (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.53-2.04 kg m(-2)). The pooled odds ratio of eating quickly on the presence of obesity was 2.15 (95% CI, 1.84-2.51). There was evidence of significant quantitative heterogeneity in the magnitudes of the association across studies (I2=78.4%, P-value for heterogeneity <0.001 for BMI, I2=71.9%, P-value for heterogeneity <0.001 for obesity), which may be partially explained by differences in the type of study population (a weaker association was observed for BMI in diabetic patients).
conclusionsEating quickly is positively associated with excess body weight. Further studies are warranted to determine whether interventions to slow the speed of eating are effective for weight control.
Indexed as
Identifiers
26100137What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.