ArticleBMC medicine2015
Six 'biases' against patients and carers in evidence-based medicine.
Article in BMC medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 84 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
84 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
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- Optimizing Quality of Life in Kidney Transplant Recipients Through Structured Exercise: A Systematic Review and Evidence-Based Guidelines.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2024Pooled it
- Primary care of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities: 2018 Canadian consensus guidelines.Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien · 2018Guideline
- Using EMPOWER in daily life: a qualitative investigation of implementation experiences.BMC psychiatry · 2023Trial
- Digital smartphone intervention to recognise and manage early warning signs in schizophrenia to prevent relapse: the EMPOWER feasibility cluster RCT.Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2022Trial
- A tailored programme to implement recommendations for multimorbid patients with polypharmacy in primary care practices-process evaluation of a cluster randomized trial.Implementation science : IS · 2017Trial
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- Towards Meaningful Consumer and Community Involvement in Health Research: A Qualitative Study of Consumer and Researcher Experiences.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2026Article
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- Integrated Knowledge Translation for Social Innovations: Case Study on Knowledge Translation Innovation Incubator.Journal of participatory medicine · 2026Article
- Patient- and Public-Led Research - How Is It Defined and Practiced: A Scoping Review.Journal of patient experience · 2026Article
- "Just lose weight": weight-based medical bias and experiential expertise in intracranial hypertension.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Towards collaborative tinkering in contraceptive consultations: Negotiating side-effects in contraceptive care.Health (London, England : 1997) · 2026Article
- Enhancing person-centered obstetric care: A qualitative grounded theory study on perception formation and sense-making during childbirth.European journal of midwifery · 2026Article
- Protocol: a systematic review+ (SR+) to combine associative and mechanistic evidence on the efficacy of face masks in reducing transmission of respiratory diseases.Systematic reviews · 2025Article
- Stigma Toward Bipolar Disorder Among Psychiatry Residents: A Pilot Study Utilizing Narrative Medicine and a Video Vignette.Academic psychiatry : the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry · 2025Article
24 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEvidence-based medicine (EBM) is maturing from its early focus on epidemiology to embrace a wider range of disciplines and methodologies. At the heart of EBM is the patient, whose informed choices have long been recognised as paramount. However, good evidence-based care is more than choices. DISCUSSION: We discuss six potential 'biases' in EBM that may inadvertently devalue the patient and carer agenda: limited patient input to research design, low status given to experience in the hierarchy of evidence, a tendency to conflate patient-centred consulting with use of decision tools; insufficient attention to power imbalances that suppress the patient's voice, over-emphasis on the clinical consultation, and focus on people who seek and obtain care (rather than the hidden denominator of those that do not seek or cannot access care). To reduce these 'biases', EBM should embrace patient involvement in research, make more systematic use of individual ('personally significant') evidence, take a more interdisciplinary and humanistic view of consultations, address unequal power dynamics in healthcare encounters, support patient communities, and address the inverse care law.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.