Trial reportSleep2015
Invariant Natural Killer T Cell Deficiency and Functional Impairment in Sleep Apnea: Links to Cancer Comorbidity.
Trial report in Sleep, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mechanisms underlying end-organ injury in sleep apnoea.The European respiratory journal · 2026Review
- Exploring the Causal Effect of Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number on Obstructive Sleep Apnea.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- Advances in immunology of obstructive sleep apnea: mechanistic insights, clinical impact, and therapeutic perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Effect of continuous positive airway pressure treatment on Th17/Treg imbalance in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and a preliminary study on its mechanism.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2024Article
- Identification of key genes in chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced lung cancer progression based on transcriptome sequencing.BMC cancer · 2024Article
- International Consensus Statement on Obstructive Sleep Apnea.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2023Review
- Potential Pathophysiological Pathways in the Complex Relationships between OSA and Cancer.Cancers · 2023Review
- Cellular Immune Dysfunction in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.Frontiers in surgery · 2022Review
- Review
- Sleep Apnoea Adverse Effects on Cancer: True, False, or Too Many Confounders?International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Obesity, sleep apnea, and cancer.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2020Review
- Differential effect of intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation on PD-1/PD-L1 upregulation.Sleep · 2020Article
- Aberrant Awake Spontaneous Brain Activity in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Review Focused on Resting-State EEG and Resting-State fMRI.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Review
- The incidence of malignant brain tumors is increased in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: A national health insurance survey.PloS one · 2020Article
- Acute vs. Chronic vs. Cyclic Hypoxia: Their Differential Dynamics, Molecular Mechanisms, and Effects on Tumor Progression.Biomolecules · 2019Review
- Fas-positive lymphocytes are associated with systemic inflammation in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2019Article
- Differential expression of immune markers in the patients with obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2019Article
- Circulating C3 and glucose metabolism abnormalities in patients with OSAHS.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2018Article
- Decrease of perforin positive CD3Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2018Article
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea Monocytes Exhibit High Levels of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Secretion, Augmenting Tumor Progression.Mediators of inflammation · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesEmerging evidence links obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with increased cancer incidence and mortality. Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells play an important role in cancer immunity. We hypothesized that patients with OSA have low number of circulating invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, which may also be functionally impaired. This study aims to evaluate the frequency of circulating iNKT cells in OSA.
designWe evaluated the frequency of circulating iNKT cells by flow cytometry in 33 snorers being assessed for possible OSA. Using iNKT cell lines, we also evaluated the effect of exposure to hypoxia over 24 hours on apoptosis, cytotoxicity, and cytokine production.
settingTeaching hospital based sleep unit and research laboratory. PATIENTS: Thirty-three snorers were evaluated: 9 with no OSA (apnea-hypopnea frequency [AHI] < 5/h), 12 with mild-moderate OSA (AHI 5-30) and 12 with severe OSA (AHI > 30). MEASUREMENTS AND
resultsPatients with severe OSA had considerably fewer iNKT cells (0.18%) compared to patients with mild-moderate (0.24%) or no OSA (0.35%), P = 0.0026. The frequency of iNKT cells correlated negatively with apnea-hypopnea index (r = -0.58, P = 0.001), oxygen desaturation index (r = -0.58, P = 0.0003), and SpO2% < 90% (r = -0.5407, P = 0.005). The frequency of iNKT cells increased following 12 months of nCPAP therapy (P = 0.015). Hypoxia resulted in increased apoptosis (P = 0.016) and impaired cytotoxicity (P = 0.035).
conclusionPatients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have significantly reduced levels of circulating invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells and hypoxia leads to impaired iNKT cell function. These observations may partly explain the increased cancer risk reported in patients with OSA.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.