ReviewCurrent opinion in HIV and AIDS2016
Immune activation and cardiovascular disease in chronic HIV infection.
Review in Current opinion in HIV and AIDS, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 104 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV, Vascular Risk Factors, and Cognition in the Combination Antiretroviral Therapy Era: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS · 2021Pooled it
- Impact of Dolutegravir Plus Lamivudine as First-line Antiretroviral Treatment on the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reservoir and Inflammatory Markers in Peripheral Blood.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Trial
- Performance of the pooled cohort equations and D:A:D risk scores among individuals with HIV in a global cardiovascular disease prevention trial: a cohort study leveraging data from REPRIEVE.The lancet. HIV · 2025Trial
- Pitavastatin to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease in HIV Infection.The New England journal of medicine · 2023 · on this mapTrial
- Statin effect on coronary calcium distribution, mass and volume scores and associations with immune activation among HIV+ persons on antiretroviral therapy.Antiviral therapy · 2020Trial
- HIV-Related Arterial Stiffness in Malawian Adults Is Associated With the Proportion of PD-1-Expressing CD8+ T Cells and Reverses With Antiretroviral Therapy.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2019Trial
- Expression of Toll-like Receptors and Chemokine Receptors in the Early and Advanced Stages of HIV Infection Aggravated byInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular Disease Risk with Integrase Inhibitor-based Antiretroviral Therapy: A Causal Inference Analysis in RESPOND.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Prevalence and cardiovascular associations of elevated lipoprotein(a) in people living with HIV: A cross-sectional study.Clinical medicine (London, England) · 2026Article
- Relationship between cardiovascular risk scores and subclinical coronary artery disease in people living with HIV.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2026Article
- Exploring barriers to and experiences of palliative and end-of-life care for people living with HIV: a cross-sectional survey.BMJ open · 2026Article
- A practical guide to the management of dyslipidaemia.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2026Review
- Significant Impact of Previous Major Cardiovascular Events (MACEs) and Viremia on Risk of New MACEs in People Living with HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy.Medicines (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Myocardical Infarction in Young Adults: Revisiting Risk Factors and Atherothrombotic Pathways.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Exploring Allostatic Load as an Objective Measure of Stress Among U.S. Women With and Without HIV: A Pilot Study.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2025Article
- Emerging role of natural killer cells in non-AIDS comorbidities during suppressive antiretroviral therapy.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2025Review
- Cardiovascular diseases in the elderly: possibilities for modulating autophagy using non-coding RNAs.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Innate immune dysfunction and persistent activation in South African HIV elite controllers.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Lipoprotein(a) Is Elevated and Inversely Related to Coronary Endothelial Function in People With HIV.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
- Impact of arterial stiffness on health-related quality of life in older Thai adults with treated HIV infection: a multicenter cohort study.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2024Article
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purpose of reviewThis article describes the potential contribution of immune activation in the pathogenesis of HIV-associated cardiovascular disease (CVD) - a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among HIV-positive persons with access to antiretroviral therapy (ART). RECENT
findingsWe review recent literature that suggests abnormalities in both adaptive and innate immunity contributes to CVD risk among persons with HIV infection. In particular, potentially atherogenic T-cell mechanisms include persistent high-level T-cell activation (and associated proinflammatory mechanisms), as well as the presence of copathogens (e.g., cytomegalovirus) providing an ongoing stimulus for cytotoxic T-cell responses. More recent data have then emphasized the potential impact of monocyte-/macrophage-mediated inflammation and injury within atherosclerotic lesions. The abnormality driving innate immune activation many not fully reverse with antiretroviral therapy, highlighting the need for interventions that target inflammation as a CVD prevention strategy. SUMMARY: Premature CVD among persons with HIV infection is due, in part, to persistent abnormalities in immune activation and systemic inflammation despite viral suppression. Prevention strategies for persons with HIV infection include those that target traditional CVD risk factors, as well as newer candidate treatments with potential immunomodulatory benefits.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.