Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26604665›Full record

ReviewIntegrative medicine insights2015

Current Perspectives on the Beneficial Role of Ginkgo biloba in Neurological and Cerebrovascular Disorders.

Kevin M Nash, Zahoor A Shah

Open access · diamondAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Integrative medicine insights, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
23.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

40 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 104 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Efficacy and safety ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2026
    Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Ginkgo biloba for tinnitus.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022
    Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Pooled it
  8. Trial
  9. Unveiling the Pharmacological Effects ofCentral nervous system agents in medicinal chemistry · 2026
    Review
  10. Redox report : communications in free radical research · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022
    Review
  15. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022
    Review
  16. Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2021
    Article
  17. Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2021
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Revisiting promising preclinical intracerebral hemorrhage studies to highlight repurposable drugs for translation.International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society · 2021
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Kevin M NashDepartment of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, OH, USA.
Zahoor A ShahDepartment of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, OH, USA. ; Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, OH, USA.
University of Toledo · US

Funding

Neuroprotective Effect of Ginkgo Biloba and its Bioactive Components IschemiaR00AT004197 · NCCIH · UNIVERSITY OF TOLEDO HEALTH SCI CAMPUS · PI SHAH, ZAHOOR AHMAD · 2010 to 2012
$737k
NCCIH NIH HHS R00 AT004197
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ginkgo biloba extract is an alternative medicine available as a standardized formulation, EGb 761(®), which consists of ginkgolides, bilobalide, and flavonoids. The individual constituents have varying therapeutic mechanisms that contribute to the pharmacological activity of the extract as a whole. Recent studies show anxiolytic properties of ginkgolide A, migraine with aura treatment by ginkgolide B, a reduction in ischemia-induced glutamate excitotoxicity by bilobalide, and an alternative antihypertensive property of quercetin, among others. These findings have been observed in EGb 761 as well and have led to clinical investigation into its use as a therapeutic for conditions such as cognition, dementia, cardiovascular, and cerebrovascular diseases. This review explores the therapeutic mechanisms of the individual EGb 761 constituents to explain the pharmacology as a whole and its clinical application to cardiovascular and neurological disorders, in particular ischemic stroke.

Indexed as

Alzheimer’s diseaseantioxidantsflavonoidsGinkgo bilobaischemic stroke

Identifiers

PMID26604665
PMCPMC4640423
OpenAlexW2132660914

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.