Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26612552›Full record

ArticleThe international journal of neuropsychopharmacology2016

The Effects of 4-Methylethcathinone on Conditioned Place Preference, Locomotor Sensitization, and Anxiety-Like Behavior: A Comparison with Methamphetamine.

Peng Xu, Yi Qiu, Yizhi Zhang, Yanping Βai, Pengfei Xu, Yuan Liu, Jee Hyun Kim, Hao-wei Shen

Open access · goldAbstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Synthetic Cathinones and Neurotoxicity Risks: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Peng XuDrug Intelligence and Forensic Center, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, PR China (Ms Xu, Mr Bai, Ms Xu, Ms Liu); National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, PR China (Mr Qiu, Mr Zhang, and Dr Shen); Institute of Neurosciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China (Mr Zhang); The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC Australia (Dr Kim).
Yi QiuDrug Intelligence and Forensic Center, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, PR China (Ms Xu, Mr Bai, Ms Xu, Ms Liu); National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, PR China (Mr Qiu, Mr Zhang, and Dr Shen); Institute of Neurosciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China (Mr Zhang); The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC Australia (Dr Kim).
Yizhi ZhangDrug Intelligence and Forensic Center, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, PR China (Ms Xu, Mr Bai, Ms Xu, Ms Liu); National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, PR China (Mr Qiu, Mr Zhang, and Dr Shen); Institute of Neurosciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China (Mr Zhang); The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC Australia (Dr Kim).
Yanping ΒaiDrug Intelligence and Forensic Center, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, PR China (Ms Xu, Mr Bai, Ms Xu, Ms Liu); National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, PR China (Mr Qiu, Mr Zhang, and Dr Shen); Institute of Neurosciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China (Mr Zhang); The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC Australia (Dr Kim).
Pengfei XuDrug Intelligence and Forensic Center, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, PR China (Ms Xu, Mr Bai, Ms Xu, Ms Liu); National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, PR China (Mr Qiu, Mr Zhang, and Dr Shen); Institute of Neurosciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China (Mr Zhang); The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC Australia (Dr Kim).
Yuan LiuDrug Intelligence and Forensic Center, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, PR China (Ms Xu, Mr Bai, Ms Xu, Ms Liu); National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, PR China (Mr Qiu, Mr Zhang, and Dr Shen); Institute of Neurosciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China (Mr Zhang); The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC Australia (Dr Kim).
Jee Hyun KimDrug Intelligence and Forensic Center, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, PR China (Ms Xu, Mr Bai, Ms Xu, Ms Liu); National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, PR China (Mr Qiu, Mr Zhang, and Dr Shen); Institute of Neurosciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China (Mr Zhang); The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC Australia (Dr Kim).
Hao-wei ShenDrug Intelligence and Forensic Center, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing, PR China (Ms Xu, Mr Bai, Ms Xu, Ms Liu); National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, PR China (Mr Qiu, Mr Zhang, and Dr Shen); Institute of Neurosciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China (Mr Zhang); The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC Australia (Dr Kim). shenhw@hsc.pku.edu.cn.
Peking University · CNGuangzhou Medical University · CNMinistry of Public Security of the People's Republic of China · CNNational Institutes for Food and Drug Control · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

background4-Methylethcathinone is a drug that belongs to the second generation of synthetic cathinones, and recently it has been ranked among the most popular "legal highs". Although it has similar in vitro neurochemical actions to other drugs such as cocaine, the behavioral effects of 4-methylethcathinone remain to be determined.

methodsThe addictive potential and locomotor potentiation by 4-methylethcathinone were investigated in rats using the conditioned place preference and sensitization paradigm. Methamphetamine was used as a positive control. Because synthetic cathinones can have psychological effects, we also examined anxiety-like behavior using the elevated plus maze.

resultsA conditioning dose of 10 mg/kg 4-methylethcathinone was able to induce conditioned place preference and reinstatement (following 2 weeks of withdrawal). Acute or repeated injections of 4-methylethcathinone at 3 or 10mg/kg failed to alter locomotor activity. At 30 mg/kg, however, acute 4-methylethcathinone increased locomotor activity compared with saline, while chronic 4-methylethcathinone induced a delayed and attenuated sensitization compared with methamphetamine. Additionally, repeated daily injections of 4-methylethcathinone (30 mg/kg) reduced, whereas methamphetamine increased time spent by rats in the open arm of an elevated plus maze compared with saline injections. Interestingly, a 2-week withdrawal period following chronic injections of 4-methylethcathinone or methamphetamine increased time spent in the open arm in all rats.

conclusionsThe rewarding properties of 4-methylethcathinone were found to be dissociated from its effects on locomotor activity. Additionally, chronic 4-methylethcathinone use may trigger abnormal anxious behaviors. These behavioral effects caused by 4-methylethcathinone appear to last even after a withdrawal period.

Indexed as

AmphetaminesAnimalsAnxietyCentral Nervous System AgentsConditioning, PsychologicalDose-Response Relationship, DrugMaleMethamphetamineMotor ActivityPropiophenonesRats, Sprague-DawleyRewardSpatial BehaviorSubstance Withdrawal Syndrome4-methylethcathinoneAmphetaminesCentral Nervous System AgentsMethamphetaminePropiophenones4-methylethcathinoneCPPelevated plus mazelocomotor sensitization

Identifiers

PMID26612552
PMCPMC4851266
OpenAlexW2262634587

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.