SynthesisCancer medicine2016
Parity and thyroid cancer risk: a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies.
Synthesis in Cancer medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Body Mass Index and Thyroid Cancer Risk: A Pooled Analysis of Half a Million Men and Women in the Asia Cohort Consortium.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2022Pooled it
- Parity and thyroid cancer risk: a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies.Cancer medicine · 2016Pooled it
- Parity as a Risk Factor for Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma: A Population-based Study.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
- Successful surgical management of a patient with osteoradionecrosis of the jaw with RET fusion-positive advanced thyroid cancer: A case report.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2025Article
- Reproductive and Hormonal Factors and Thyroid Cancer Risk: Pooled Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies in the Asia Cohort Consortium.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2025Article
- Temporal trends of thyroid cancer in China and globally from 1990 to 2021: an analysis of the global burden of Disease Study 2021.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Association of hormonal and reproductive factors with differentiated thyroid cancer risk in women: a pooled prospective cohort analysis.International journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Cigarette Smoking and Estrogen-Related Cancer.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2021Review
- Trends in incidence and histological pattern of thyroid cancer in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (1996-2015): a population-based study.BMC cancer · 2021Article
- Number of parity/live birth(s) and cardiovascular disease among Iranian women and men: results of over 15 years of follow-up.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2021Article
- The Nomogram Model Predicting Overall Survival and Guiding Clinical Decision in Patients With Glioblastoma Based on the SEER Database.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Article
- Article
- A nested case-control study of polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorine pesticides, and thyroid cancer in the Janus Serum Bank cohort.Environmental research · 2018Article
- Rising incidence of thyroid cancer in Singapore not solely due to micropapillary subtype.Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England · 2018Article
- Gender in Endocrine Diseases: Role of Sex Gonadal Hormones.International journal of endocrinology · 2018Review
- Parity and Risk of Thyroid Cancer: a Population-Based Study in Lithuania.Hormones & cancer · 2017Article
- Female Reproductive Factors and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Although observational studies have assessed the relationship between parity and thyroid cancer risk, the findings are inconsistent. To quantitatively assess the association, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis. PubMed and Embase were searched up to January 2015. Prospective or case-control studies that evaluated the association between parity and thyroid cancer risk were included. We used the fixed-effects model to pool risk estimates. After literature search, 10 prospective studies, 12 case-control studies and 1 pooled analysis of 14 case-control studies including 8860 patients were identified. The studies had fair methodological quality. Pooled analysis suggested that there was a significant association between parity and risk of thyroid cancer (RR for parous versus nulliparous: 1.09, 95% CI 1.03-1.15; I2=33.4%). The positive association persisted in almost all strata of subgroup analyses based on study design, location, study quality, type of controls, and confounder adjustment, although in some strata statistical significance was not detected. By evaluating the number of parity, we identified that both parity number of 2 versus nulliparous and parity number of 3 versus nulliparous demonstrated significant positive associations (RR=1.11, 95% CI 1.01-1.22; I2=31.1% and RR=1.16, 95% CI 1.01-1.33; I2=19.6% respectively). The dose-response analysis suggested neither a non-linear nor linear relationship between the number of parity and thyroid cancer risk. In conclusion, this meta-analysis suggests a potential association between parity and risk of thyroid cancer in females. However, the lack of detection of a dose-response relationship suggests that further studies are needed to better understand the relationship.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.