ArticleScientific reports2016
Reptile Toll-like receptor 5 unveils adaptive evolution of bacterial flagellin recognition.
Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Effector-host interactome map links type III secretion systems in healthy gut microbiomes to immune modulation.Nature microbiology · 2026Article
- Both lipopolysaccharide and vehicle treatments upregulate complement-dependent and complement-independent innate immune responses in Diamond-backed Watersnakes (Squamata:Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- High-Throughput Sequencing-Based Assessment of Intestinal Parasitic Infections in Economically and Medicinally Valuable Captive Tokay Gecko (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Temporal Loss of Genome-Wide and Immunogenetic Diversity in a Near-Extinct Parrot.Molecular ecology · 2025Article
- Genome-wide identification and characterisation of Toll-like receptors in Chinese spiny frog (Frontiers in genetics · 2025Article
- Lizards and the enzootic cycle of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato.Molecular microbiology · 2024Review
- Unveiling the multifaceted role of toll-like receptors in immunity of aquatic animals: pioneering strategies for disease management.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Cyprinid-specific duplicated membrane TLR5 senses dsRNA as functional homodimeric receptors.EMBO reports · 2022Article
- Host control and the evolution of cooperation in host microbiomes.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Distinct toll-like receptor signaling in the salamander response to tissue damage.Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists · 2022Article
- Genome-wide identification and characterization of toll-like receptor 5 (Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
- Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Influenced by Postbiotics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Identification and functional characterization of a fish-specific tlr19 in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) that recruits TRIF as an adaptor and induces ifn expression during the immune response.Veterinary research · 2021Article
- Article
- Living in Cold Blood:Frontiers in microbiology · 2019Review
- Duplicated TLR5 of zebrafish functions as a heterodimeric receptor.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018Article
- Evolutionary Regression and Species-Specific Codon Usage of TLR15.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Article
- Article
- Host species adaptation of TLR5 signalling and flagellin recognition.Scientific reports · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLR) are ancient innate immune receptors crucial for immune homeostasis and protection against infection. TLRs are present in mammals, birds, amphibians and fish but have not been functionally characterized in reptiles despite the central position of this animal class in vertebrate evolution. Here we report the cloning, characterization, and function of TLR5 of the reptile Anolis carolinensis (Green Anole lizard). The receptor (acTLR5) displays the typical TLR protein architecture with 22 extracellular leucine rich repeats flanked by a N- and C-terminal leucine rich repeat domain, a membrane-spanning region, and an intracellular TIR domain. The receptor is phylogenetically most similar to TLR5 of birds and most distant to fish TLR5. Transcript analysis revealed acTLR5 expression in multiple lizard tissues. Stimulation of acTLR5 with TLR ligands demonstrated unique responsiveness towards bacterial flagellin in both reptile and human cells. Comparison of acTLR5 and human TLR5 using purified flagellins revealed differential sensitivity to Pseudomonas but not Salmonella flagellin, indicating development of species-specific flagellin recognition during the divergent evolution of mammals and reptiles. Our discovery of reptile TLR5 fills the evolutionary gap regarding TLR conservation across vertebrates and provides novel insights in functional evolution of host-microbe interactions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.