ArticlePloS one2016
PCSK9 Plasma Concentrations Are Independent of GFR and Do Not Predict Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Decreased GFR.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Determinants of circulating PCSK9 levels and the efficacy of PCSK9 inhibitor therapies in chronic kidney disease: a systematic review.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Genetic association analysis of lipid-lowering drug target genes in chronic kidney disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Pooled it
- Meta-GWAS of PCSK9 levels detects two novel loci at APOB and TM6SF2.Human molecular genetics · 2022Pooled it
- Association Between Circulating Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events, Stroke, and All-Cause Mortality: Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Endothelin Receptor Antagonism Improves Lipid Profiles and Lowers PCSK9 (Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9) in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2019Trial
- Inflammation, Lp(a) and cardiovascular mortality: results from the LURIC study.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2025Article
- Emerging roles of PCSK9 in kidney disease: lipid metabolism, megalin regulation and proteinuria.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2025Review
- The Emerging Roles of Intracellular PCSK9 and Their Implications in Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Metabolic Diseases.Metabolites · 2022Review
- Circulating Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 Levels Predict Future Cardiovascular Event Risks in Hemodialyzed Black African Patients.Rambam Maimonides medical journal · 2021Article
- Molecular Genetic Approach and Evaluation of Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Clinical Familial Hypercholesterolemia Phenotype from Romania.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Association between PCSK9 Levels and Markers of Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Endothelial Dysfunction in a Population of Nondialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patients.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2021Article
- The systemic implication of novel non-statin therapies in cardiovascular diabetology: PCSK9 as a case model.Cardiovascular endocrinology & metabolism · 2020Review
- Comparison of Serum PCSK9 Levels in Subjects with Normoglycemia, Impaired Fasting Glucose, and Impaired Glucose Tolerance.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2020Article
- The impact of dyslipidemia and oxidative stress on vasoactive mediators in patients with renal dysfunction.International urology and nephrology · 2019Review
- Apolipoproteins A and B and PCSK9: Nontraditional Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Chronic Kidney Disease and in End-Stage Renal Disease.Journal of diabetes research · 2019Review
- Relationship between Plasma Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate in the General Chinese Population.Cardiorenal medicine · 2018Article
- PCSK9 inhibitors - from discovery of a single mutation to a groundbreaking therapy of lipid disorders in one decade.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2017Article
- PCSK9 in chronic kidney disease.International urology and nephrology · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundImpaired renal function causes dyslipidemia that contributes to elevated cardiovascular risk in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a regulator of the LDL receptor and plasma cholesterol concentrations. Its relationship to kidney function and cardiovascular events in patients with reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) has not been explored.
methodsLipid parameters including PCSK9 were measured in two independent cohorts. CARE FOR HOMe (Cardiovascular and Renal Outcome in CKD 2-4 Patients-The Forth Homburg evaluation) enrolled 443 patients with reduced GFR (between 90 and 15 ml/min/1.73 m2) referred for nephrological care that were prospectively followed for the occurrence of a composite cardiovascular endpoint. As a replication cohort, PCSK9 was quantitated in 1450 patients with GFR between 90 and 15 ml/min/1.73 m2 enrolled in the Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health Study (LURIC) that were prospectively followed for cardiovascular deaths.
resultsPCSK9 concentrations did not correlate with baseline GFR (CARE FOR HOMe: r = -0.034; p = 0.479; LURIC: r = -0.017; p = 0.512). 91 patients in CARE FOR HOMe and 335 patients in LURIC reached an endpoint during a median follow-up of 3.0 [1.8-4.1] years and 10.0 [7.3-10.6] years, respectively. Kaplan-Meier analyses showed that PCSK9 concentrations did not predict cardiovascular events in either cohort [CARE FOR HOMe (p = 0.622); LURIC (p = 0.729)]. Sensitivity analyses according to statin intake yielded similar results.
conclusionIn two well characterized independent cohort studies, PCSK9 plasma levels did not correlate with kidney function. Furthermore, PCSK9 plasma concentrations were not associated with cardiovascular events in patients with reduced renal function.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.