Evidence mapPaperPMID 26920640Full record

Trial reportJournal of diabetes science and technology2016

Attributes Influencing Insulin Pen Preference Among Caregivers and Patients With Diabetes Who Require Greater Than 20 Units of Mealtime Insulin.

Tao Wang, Kenneth A Conrad, Kate van Brunt, Tina M Rees

Open access · bronzeAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of diabetes science and technology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Profile of Patients with Diabetes Treated with Insulin Lispro 200 U/ml: A Real-World Study from Spain.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2022
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Patient Perceptions of and Preferences Between Characteristics of Injectable Diabetes Treatments.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2021
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Patient Preferences and Health State Utilities Associated with Mealtime Insulin Concentrations Among Patients with Diabetes in Italy.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2020
    Article
  8. A Review of Basal-Bolus Therapy Using Insulin Glargine and Insulin Lispro in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2018
    Review
  9. Patient Preferences for Attributes of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Medications in Germany and Spain: An Online Discrete-Choice Experiment Survey.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2017
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Tao WangLilly Diabetes, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Kenneth A ConradDelivery Device Human Factors, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Kate van BruntEli Lilly and Company, Erl Wood Manor, Windlesham, UK.
Tina M ReesLilly Diabetes, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA rees_tina_marie@lilly.com.
Eli Lilly (United States) · USEli Lilly (United Kingdom) · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study compared patient preference for Humalog® KwikPen™ 200 units/mL (insulin lispro; hereafter, IL 200 pen; Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN) versus the Humalog KwikPen 100 units/mL (insulin lispro; hereafter, IL 100 pen; Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN) in patients with diabetes requiring >20 units of mealtime insulin and diabetes caregivers. This study also determined which attributes had the greatest influence on pen preference selection.

methodsIn this 2-period, crossover, simulated-use study, 106 participants were randomized to 1 of 8 sequences that varied the pen order (IL 100 pen or IL 200 pen) and dosing order (15 units = low dose or 50 units = high dose) for a total of 4 simulated injections. Participants then completed a self-administered questionnaire to select their overall preference between the 2 pens and then rated the importance of 11 pen attributes in contributing to their overall preference.

resultsOf the 90 participants expressing an overall preference, significantly more preferred the IL 200 pen to the IL 100 pen (IL 200 pen: 80 respondents; IL 100 pen: 10 respondents; 95% confidence interval [0.81, 0.94], P < .0001). The total amount of insulin in the pen, the ease in pressing the injection button, and the amount of fluid injected were key attributes influencing IL 200 pen preference.

conclusionsBased on these key attributes, the IL 200 pen was significantly preferred over the IL 100 pen by patients with diabetes who require >20 daily mealtime insulin units or diabetes caregivers and may improve the injection experience for these patients.

Indexed as

AdultAgedCross-Over StudiesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2FemaleHumansHypoglycemic AgentsInjections, SubcutaneousInsulinMaleMiddle AgedPatient PreferenceSurveys and QuestionnairesHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinbasal-bolus therapyconcentrated insulindiabetes mellitushuman factor studiesinjection volumeinsulin pen

Identifiers

PMID26920640
PMCPMC4928226
OpenAlexW2281452294

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.