ArticleVirus evolution2015
Evolutionary reversion of live viral vaccines: Can genetic engineering subdue it?
Article in Virus evolution, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Bacterial consortium construction for inhibition ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Antiviral Inactivated Vaccines: Looking to the Past to Face the Future-A Narrative Review.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Synthetic Polymers for Drug, Gene, and Vaccine Delivery.Polymer science & technology (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Review
- Attenuating Mutations in Usutu Virus: Towards Understanding Orthoflavivirus Virulence Determinants and Live Attenuated Vaccine Design.Vaccines · 2025Article
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- Advantages of Broad-Spectrum Influenza mRNA Vaccines and Their Impact on Pulmonary Influenza.Vaccines · 2024Review
- A highly immunogenic UVC inactivated Sabin based polio vaccine.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- Live-attenuated CHIKV vaccine with rearranged genome replicates in vitro and induces immune response in mice.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Production of OSU G5P[7] Porcine Rotavirus Expressing a Fluorescent Reporter via Reverse Genetics.Viruses · 2024Article
- Flavivirus genome recoding by codon optimisation confers genetically stable in vivo attenuation in both mice and mosquitoes.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Article
- Evaluation and Determination of a Suitable Passage Number of Codon Pair Deoptimized PRRSV-1 Vaccine Candidate in Pigs.Viruses · 2023Article
- Inferring the disruption of rabies circulation in vampire bat populations using a betaherpesvirus-vectored transmissible vaccine.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Evaluation of Potential In Vitro Recombination Events in Codon Deoptimized FMDV Strains.Viruses · 2023Article
- Lumpy skin disease: history, current understanding and research gaps in the context of recent geographic expansion.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Vaccines platforms and COVID-19: what you need to know.Tropical diseases, travel medicine and vaccines · 2022Review
- Longitudinal deep sequencing informs vector selection and future deployment strategies for transmissible vaccines.PLoS biology · 2022Article
- Live-Attenuated VEEV Vaccine Delivered by iDNA Using Microneedles Is Immunogenic in Rabbits.Frontiers in tropical diseases · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Attenuated, live viral vaccines have been extraordinarily successful in protecting against many diseases. The main drawbacks in their development and use have been reliance on an unpredictable method of attenuation and the potential for evolutionary reversion to high virulence. Methods of genetic engineering now provide many safer alternatives to live vaccines, so if live vaccines are to compete with these alternatives in the future, they must either have superior immunogenicity or they must be able to overcome these former disadvantages. Several live vaccine designs that were historically inaccessible are now feasible because of advances in genome synthesis. Some of those methods are addressed here, with an emphasis on whether they enable predictable levels of attenuation and whether they are stable against evolutionary reversion. These new designs overcome many of the former drawbacks and position live vaccines to be competitive with alternatives. Not only do new methods appear to retard evolutionary reversion enough to prevent vaccine-derived epidemics, but it may even be possible to permanently attenuate live vaccines that are transmissible but cannot evolve to higher virulence under prolonged adaptation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.