Evidence map›DPP-4 inhibitors × glycemic control›PMID 27060930›Full record

Trial reportDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2016

Efficacy and safety of liraglutide versus sitagliptin, both in combination with metformin, in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes: a 26-week, open-label, randomized, active comparator clinical trial.

L Zang, Y Liu, J Geng, Y Luo, F Bian, X Lv, J Yang, J Liu, Y Peng, Y Li and 3 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · hybridAbstract readComparative StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2016. The graph read 2 numbers from its abstract, feeding 2 cells of the map, but none could be read as for or against, so it casts no vote. It reports registered trial NCT02008682. Cited by 22 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

2numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
2.7field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

Read, but not usablea number the graph found but could not read as for or against

Glycemic controlcomparator not stated · obesity, t2dfeeds 2 cells of the map
Δ -0.67-0.86 to -0.48p < 0.0001
RESULTS: Liraglutide was superior to sitagliptin in reducing HbA1c from baseline [8.1% (65 mmol/mol)] to 26 weeks, as evidenced by estimated mean HbA1c change of -1.65% (-18.07 mmol/mol) versus -0.98% (-10.72 mmol/mol), respectively [estimated treatment difference for liraglutide vs sitagliptin of -0.67% (95% CI -0.86, -0.48) or -7.35 mmol/mol (95% CI -9.43; -5.26); p < 0.0001].
FeedsGLP-1 receptor agonists×glycemic controlDPP-4 inhibitors×glycemic control
Glycemic controlcomparator not stated · obesity, t2dfeeds 2 cells of the map
OR 3.652.18 to 6.12p < 0.0001
More patients receiving liraglutide (76.5%) than sitagliptin (52.6%) achieved the HbA1c target of <7.0% (53 mmol/mol) at week 26 [odds ratio 3.65 (95% CI 2.18, 6.12); p < 0.0001].
FeedsGLP-1 receptor agonists×glycemic controlDPP-4 inhibitors×glycemic control

clause the extractor read what became the number

2 · Its place on the map

Where it lands on the map

Rows are treatments, columns are outcomes. The coloured squares are the cells this paper feeds, coloured by the vote it casts there. Click one to jump to what this paper adds to it.

supports the treatmentfavours the comparatorno clear differenceread, but no usable result
3 · What it changes

What it adds to each cell

For every cell the paper feeds: the belief in the claim with and without this paper, and this paper's estimate drawn against every other readable study in the cell. The ringed dot is this paper.

DPP-4 inhibitors×glycemic control

No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →

40 readable studies in this cell: 59 favour the treatment, 19 find no difference, 24 favour the comparator.

Belief with this paper
0.82replicated · 56 families support, 12 contradict · against placebo
Without itNot a counted family in this claim, so removing it changes nothing.
← favours the comparatorfavours the treatment →
0 · no effect
NCT015282542,004 enrolled · 2012
Slope -0.02-0.05 to 0.00
NCT026078651,864 enrolled · 2016
Δ -0.50-0.60 to -0.40
NCT001216671,462 enrolled · 2005
Δ -0.73-0.92 to -0.53
NCT040178321,441 enrolled · 2019
Δ -0.20-0.30 to -0.10
NCT011066771,284 enrolled · 2010
Δ -0.62-0.76 to -0.48
NCT016060071,282 enrolled · 2012
Δ -0.27-0.48 to -0.05
NCT004827291,246 enrolled · 2007
Δ -0.60-0.78 to -0.43
NCT020991101,233 enrolled · 2014
Δ -0.46-0.63 to -0.30
NCT019301881,231 enrolled · 2013
Δ -1.06-1.21 to -0.91
NCT007344741,202 enrolled · 2008
Δ -0.71-0.87 to -0.55
NCT022730501,136 enrolled · 2014
Δ -0.21-0.41 to -0.02
NCT004499301,050 enrolled · 2007
Δ 0.140.06 to 0.21

This paper's own estimate is on a different scale from the rest of the cell, so it is not drawn here.

GLP-1 receptor agonists×glycemic control

No readable resultOpen on the map →What to test next →

40 readable studies in this cell: 96 favour the treatment, 17 find no difference, 10 favour the comparator.

Belief with this paper
0.91replicated · 68 families support, 7 contradict · against placebo
Without itNot a counted family in this claim, so removing it changes nothing.
← favours the treatmentfavours the comparator →
0 · no effect
NCT017204463,297 enrolled · 2013
Δ -0.66-0.80 to -0.52
NCT036893742,274 enrolled · 2018
Δ -0.29-0.38 to -0.20
NCT039879191,879 enrolled · 2019
Δ -0.51-0.64 to -0.38
NCT026078651,864 enrolled · 2016
Δ -0.50-0.60 to -0.40
NCT013360231,663 enrolled · 2011
Treatment contrast -0.64-0.75 to -0.53
NCT040178321,441 enrolled · 2019
Δ -0.20-0.30 to -0.10
NCT018365231,398 enrolled · 2013
Δ -0.20-0.32 to -0.07
NCT019301881,231 enrolled · 2013
Δ -1.06-1.21 to -0.91
NCT007344741,202 enrolled · 2008
Δ -0.71-0.87 to -0.55
NCT020581471,170 enrolled · 2014
Δ -0.29-0.38 to -0.19
NCT003184611,091 enrolled · 2006
Δ -1.09-1.30 to -0.88
NCT021289321,089 enrolled · 2014
Δ -0.81-0.96 to -0.67

This paper's own estimate is on a different scale from the rest of the cell, so it is not drawn here.

4 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02008682 phase4completed

The Efficacy and Safety of Liraglutide Compared to Sitagliptin, Both in Combination With Metformin in Chinese Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes.(LIRA-DPP-4 CHINA™)

Ran2013Enrolled368Registered outcomes6Posted comparisons0ConditionsDiabetes, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Armsliraglutide, Sitagliptin
Open the trial in the graph
5 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  13. Commentary on glucose reduction in type 2 diabetes (GRADE).Journal of diabetes investigation · 2023
    Article
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6 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

7 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 11 institutions in 2 countries.

L ZangDepartment of Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Y LiuDepartment of Endocrinology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China.
J GengDepartment of Endocrinology, Harrison International Peace Hospital, Hengshui, China.
Y LuoDepartment of Endocrinology, Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing, China.
F BianDepartment of Endocrinology, Cangzhou People's Hospital, Cangzhou, China.
X LvDepartment of Endocrinology, PLA, Military General Hospital of Beijing, Beijing, China.
J YangDepartment of Endocrinology, Central Hospital of Minhang District, Shanghai, China.
J LiuDepartment of Endocrinology, Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China.
Y PengDepartment of Endocrinology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.
Y LiDepartment of Endocrinology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
Y SunNovo Nordisk (China) Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, Beijing, China.
H Bosch-TrabergNovo Nordisk A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Y MuDepartment of Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Chinese PLA General Hospital · CNChengdu Fifth People's Hospital · CNChongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital · CNHarrison International Peace Hospital · CNMinhang District Central Hospital · CNNovo Nordisk (Denmark) · DKPeople's Hospital of Cangzhou · CNSecond Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University · CNShanghai First People's Hospital · CNThe Military General Hospital of Beijing PLA · CNThird Hospital of Hebei Medical University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

8 · The paper itself

Abstract

The marked sentences are the ones the graph read a number from.

aimsTo compare the efficacy and safety of liraglutide versus sitagliptin as add-on to metformin after 26 weeks of treatment in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

methodsThis 26-week open-label, active comparator trial (NCT02008682) randomized patients (aged 18-80 years) with T2DM inadequately controlled with metformin [glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) 7.0-10.0% (53-86 mmol/mol)] 1 : 1 to once-daily subcutaneously administered liraglutide 1.8 mg (n = 184) or once-daily oral sitagliptin 100 mg (n = 184), both as add-on to metformin. The primary endpoint was change in HbA1c from baseline to week 26.

resultsLiraglutide was superior to sitagliptin in reducing HbA1c from baseline [8.1% (65 mmol/mol)] to 26 weeks, as evidenced by estimated mean HbA1c change of -1.65% (-18.07 mmol/mol) versus -0.98% (-10.72 mmol/mol), respectively [estimated treatment difference for liraglutide vs sitagliptin of -0.67% (95% CI -0.86, -0.48) or -7.35 mmol/mol (95% CI -9.43; -5.26); p < 0.0001]. More patients receiving liraglutide (76.5%) than sitagliptin (52.6%) achieved the HbA1c target of <7.0% (53 mmol/mol) at week 26 [odds ratio 3.65 (95% CI 2.18, 6.12); p < 0.0001]. Reductions in fasting plasma glucose, 7-point self-measured plasma glucose and body weight were greater with liraglutide than with sitagliptin (p < 0.0001 for all). More patients experienced nausea (14.8% vs 0.5%), diarrhoea (8.2% vs 2.2%) and decreased appetite (10.9% vs 0.5%) with liraglutide than sitagliptin. Two hypoglycaemic episodes were confirmed for liraglutide and one for sitagliptin; none were severe or nocturnal.

conclusionsLiraglutide provided better glycaemic control and greater body weight reduction than sitagliptin when administered as add-on to metformin. More patients had nausea, diarrhoea and decreased appetite with liraglutide versus sitagliptin.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAnorexiaAsian PeopleBlood GlucoseBody WeightChinaDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2DiarrheaDrug Therapy, CombinationFastingFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHumansBlood GlucoseGlycated Hemoglobinhemoglobin A1c protein, humanHypoglycemic AgentsLiraglutideMetforminSitagliptin PhosphateChineseliraglutidesitagliptintype 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID27060930
PMCPMC5084818
OpenAlexW2341996933

What Socratic holds

Texttitle and abstract
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.