ArticlePloS one2016
Geographic Variation in Maternal Smoking during Pregnancy in the Missouri Adolescent Female Twin Study (MOAFTS).
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Child Salivary Cotinine Levels Related to Neighborhood Deprivation and Tobacco and Alcohol Retail Outlets.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Exploring the social context of smoking behaviours: insights from stop-smoking advisors in deprived communities in Northwest of England UK.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Neighborhood Disadvantage and Prostate Tumor RNA Expression of Stress-Related Genes.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Modeling variation in mixture effects over space with a Bayesian spatially varying mixture model.Statistics in medicine · 2024Article
- Modeling historic neighborhood deprivation and non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk.Environmental research · 2023Article
- Estimating mixture effects and cumulative spatial risk over time simultaneously using a Bayesian index low-rank kriging multiple membership model.Statistics in medicine · 2022Article
- Tobacco Retail Outlets, Neighborhood Deprivation and the Risk of Prenatal Smoke Exposure.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2022Article
- Estimating cumulative spatial risk over time with low-rank kriging multiple membership models.Statistics in medicine · 2022Article
- Neighborhood Deprivation is Associated with Increased Risk of Prenatal Smoke Exposure.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2022Article
- Spatially Varying Associations of Neighborhood Disadvantage with Alcohol and Tobacco Retail Outlet Rates.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Associations of Alcohol and Tobacco Retail Outlet Rates with Neighborhood Disadvantage.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- What Regional Living Conditions Affect Individual Smoking of Adults in Russia.International journal of public health · 2021Article
- Alcohol Dependence and Reproductive Onset in Women, Updated: Analyses of Research and State-Level Administrative Data.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2020Article
- Neighborhood affluence protects against antenatal smoking: evidence from a spatial multiple membership model.Mathematical population studies · 2019Article
- Single Motherhood, Alcohol Dependence, and Smoking During Pregnancy: A Propensity Score Analysis.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2017Article
- Adolescent Pregnancy and Smoking in West Virginia: Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) 2005-2010.Maternal and child health journal · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveDespite well-known adverse health effects of maternal smoking during pregnancy (MSP), it is still unclear if MSP varies geographically and if neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation (SED) plays an important role in MSP. This study aims to investigate small-area geographic variation in MSP and examine the association of SED with MSP.
methodsThe Missouri Adolescent Female Twin Study (MOAFTS) is a cohort study of female like-sex twins born in Missouri to Missouri-resident parents during 1975-1985. Biological mothers completed a baseline interview in 1995-1998 and reported MSP with the twins. Residential address of the mother at birth was geocoded. We developed a census tract-level SED index using a common factor approach based on 21 area-level socioeconomic variables from the 1980 Census data. Multilevel logistic regressions estimated geographic heterogeneity (random effect) in MSP and the odds ratios (ORs, fixed effects) of neighborhood SED associated with MSP.
resultsOf 1658 MOAFTS mothers, 35.2% reported any MSP and 21.9% reported MSP beyond the first trimester. Neighborhood SED was associated with any MSP (the highest vs. the lowest quartile: OR = 1.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.40-2.57, Ptrend<0.001) and MSP beyond the first trimester (OR = 1.98, 95% CI = 1.38-2.85, Ptrend = 0.002) in unadjusted analyses. After adjusting for individual covariates (demographics, socioeconomic conditions, alcohol use, and parents' cohabitation), neighborhood SED was not associated with MSP, but geographic variation still persisted in MSP (variance = 0.41, P = 0.003) and in MSP beyond the first trimester (variance = 0.82, P<0.001).
conclusionsNeighborhood SED was associated with MSP in unadjusted analyses but this association could be explained by individual socioeconomic conditions. Nonetheless, significant geographic variation in MSP persisted and was not accounted for by differences in neighborhood SED. To develop effective interventions to reduce MSP, further studies are necessary to explore underlying reasons for its geographic variation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.