ArticlePloS one2016
APOBEC4 Enhances the Replication of HIV-1.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Two codes of RNA editing by deamination in human diseases.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Reprogramming tumor immunity through APOBEC3s-mediated mutagenesis: from genome instability to immune checkpoint interactions.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Machine learning-driven classification and prognostic prediction of kidney renal clear cell carcinoma using APOBEC family expression signatures.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- APOBEC3-Related Editing and Non-Editing Determinants of HIV-1 and HTLV-1 Restriction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The cytidine deaminase APOBEC3A regulates nucleolar function to promote cell growth and ribosome biogenesis.PLoS biology · 2024Article
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- Article
- Unraveling the Enzyme-Substrate Properties for APOBEC3A-Mediated RNA Editing.Journal of molecular biology · 2023Article
- Alternative Splicing, RNA Editing, and the Current Limits of Next Generation Sequencing.Genes · 2023Article
- Ancestral reconstruction reveals catalytic inactivation of activation-induced cytidine deaminase concomitant with cold water adaption in the Gadiformes bony fish.BMC biology · 2022Article
- Functions and consequences of AID/APOBEC-mediated DNA and RNA deamination.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2022Review
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- Review
- Deaminase-Independent Mode of Antiretroviral Action in Human and Mouse APOBEC3 Proteins.Microorganisms · 2020Review
- The Role of APOBECs in Viral Replication.Microorganisms · 2020Review
- Molecular origins of APOBEC-associated mutations in cancer.DNA repair · 2020Review
- Non-Coding RNA Editing in Cancer Pathogenesis.Cancers · 2020Review
- Post-transcriptional regulation of LINE-1 retrotransposition by AID/APOBEC and ADAR deaminases.Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology · 2018Review
- APOBEC3B, a molecular driver of mutagenesis in human cancers.Cell & bioscience · 2017Review
- RNA Editing-Systemic Relevance and Clue to Disease Mechanisms?Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
APOBEC4 (A4) is a member of the AID/APOBEC family of cytidine deaminases. In this study we found a high mRNA expression of A4 in human testis. In contrast, there were only low levels of A4 mRNA detectable in 293T, HeLa, Jurkat or A3.01 cells. Ectopic expression of A4 in HeLa cells resulted in mostly cytoplasmic localization of the protein. To test whether A4 has antiviral activity similar to that of proteins of the APOBEC3 (A3) subfamily, A4 was co-expressed in 293T cells with wild type HIV-1 and HIV-1 luciferase reporter viruses. We found that A4 did not inhibit the replication of HIV-1 but instead enhanced the production of HIV-1 in a dose-dependent manner and seemed to act on the viral LTR. A4 did not show detectable cytidine deamination activity in vitro and weakly interacted with single-stranded DNA. The presence of A4 in virus producer cells enhanced HIV-1 replication by transiently transfected A4 or stably expressed A4 in HIV-susceptible cells. APOBEC4 was capable of similarly enhancing transcription from a broad spectrum of promoters, regardless of whether they were viral or mammalian. We hypothesize that A4 may have a natural role in modulating host promoters or endogenous LTR promoters.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.