Evidence mapPaperPMID 27417307Full record

SynthesisArchives of disease in childhood2017

Impact of environmental tobacco smoke exposure on anaesthetic and surgical outcomes in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Christopher Chiswell, Yasmin Akram

Open access · hybridAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Archives of disease in childhood, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Review
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  9. Review
  10. Observational
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Christopher ChiswellDepartment of Public Health, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
Yasmin AkramInstitute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Birmingham Children's Hospital · GBUniversity of Birmingham · GB

Funding

Department of Health WMCLAHRC-2014-1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTobacco smoke exposure in adults is linked to adverse anaesthetic and surgical outcomes. Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure, including passive smoking, causes a number of known harms in children, but there is no established evidence review on its impact on intraoperative and postoperative outcomes.

objectivesTo undertake a systematic review of the impact of ETS on the paediatric surgical pathway and to establish if there is evidence of anaesthetic, intraoperative and postoperative harm. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA

participantsChildren aged 0-18 years undergoing anaesthetic or surgical procedures, any country, English language papers. EXPOSURE: ETS exposure assessed via questioning, observation or biological marker. OUTCOME MEASURES: Frequency of respiratory and other adverse events during anaesthesia, surgery and recovery, and longer term surgical outcomes.

results28 relevant studies were identified; 15 considered anaesthetic outcomes, 12 surgical outcomes, and 1 a secondary outcome. There was sufficient evidence to demonstrate that environmental smoke exposure significantly increased risk of perianaesthetic respiratory adverse events (Pooled risk ratio 2.52 CI 95% 1.68 to 3.77), and some evidence that ear and sinus surgery outcomes were poorer for children exposed to ETS.

conclusionsETS exposure increases the risk of anaesthetic complications and some negative surgical outcomes in children, and this should be considered when planning surgery. Research is required to demonstrate whether changes in household smoking behaviour prior to surgery reduces risk of adverse outcomes, and to close the evidence gap around other outcomes such as wound healing and respiratory infections. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: Review registration number 42014014557.

Indexed as

AdolescentAnestheticsChildChild, PreschoolEnvironmental ExposureHumansInfantInfant, NewbornObservational Studies as TopicPostoperative ComplicationsPreoperative CarePrognosisRespiratory Tract DiseasesSmoking CessationTobacco Smoke PollutionWound HealingAnestheticsTobacco Smoke PollutionAnaestheticsPaediatric SurgeryPassive SmokingPublic HealthTobacco Smoke

Identifiers

PMID27417307
PMCPMC5284464
OpenAlexW2470326030

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.