ArticleAnnals of epidemiology2016
Menstrual cycle characteristics and fecundability in a North American preconception cohort.
Article in Annals of epidemiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03230084 (Use of a Home-based Urinary Pregnanediol 3-glucuronide), which is not on this map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Use of a Home-based Urinary Pregnanediol 3-glucuronide (PDG) Test to Confirm Ovulation
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Systematic literature review and meta-analysis on the reproductive effects of micro- pollutants in humans and animals.Frontiers in toxicology · 2025Pooled it
- Interpretations of Menstrual Blood Appearance and Diagnostic Potential Among Social Media Users: Cross-Sectional Mixed Methods Social Media Listening Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- The association between age at menarche and infertility: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Contraception and reproductive medicine · 2025Review
- Time to cycle regularity and health risks.Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity · 2024Review
- Menarche and Time to Cycle Regularity Among Individuals Born Between 1950 and 2005 in the US.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Evidence that the woman's ovarian cycle is driven by an internal circamonthly timing system.Science advances · 2024Article
- Seasonal variations of menstrual cycle length in a large, US-based, digital cohort.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2024Article
- Menstrual cycle length variation by demographic characteristics from the Apple Women's Health Study.NPJ digital medicine · 2023Article
- Abnormal uterine bleeding patterns determined through menstrual tracking among participants in the Apple Women's Health Study.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2023Article
- Systemic inflammation and menstrual cycle length in a prospective cohort study.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2023Article
- Potential biomarkers to predict return to fertility after discontinuation of female contraceptives-looking to the future.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2023Review
- Association Between Neighborhood Disadvantage and Fertility Among Pregnancy Planners in the US.JAMA network open · 2022Article
- Menstrual cycle characteristics as an indicator of fertility outcomes: evidence from prospective birth cohort study in China.Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan · 2022Article
- Design and methods of the Apple Women's Health Study: a digital longitudinal cohort study.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2022Article
- Hypomenorrhea in Adolescents and Youths: Normal Variant or Menstrual Disorder? Revision of Literature and Personal Experience.Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis · 2022Article
- Biochemical and Endocrine Parameters for the Discrimination and Calibration of Bipolar Disorder or Major Depressive Disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- The health effects of soy: A reference guide for health professionals.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Review
- Menstrual cycle length and modern living: a review.Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity · 2021Review
- Retinal microvasculature and time to pregnancy in a multi-ethnic pre-conception cohort in Singapore.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2021Article
- The impact of COVID-19-related mental health issues on menstrual cycle characteristics of female healthcare providers.The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the association between menstrual cycle characteristics in early life and adulthood and fecundability.
methodsPregnancy Study Online (PRESTO) is an Internet-based preconception cohort study of pregnancy planners from the United States and Canada. During the preconception period, we enrolled 2189 female pregnancy planners aged 21-45 years who had been attempting conception for ≤6 cycles. Women self-reported menstrual cycle characteristics via an online baseline questionnaire, and pregnancy status was ascertained through bimonthly follow-up questionnaires. Proportional probabilities models were used to estimate fecundability ratios (FRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for potential confounders.
resultsCompared with usual menstrual cycle lengths of 27-29 days, cycle lengths of <25 (FR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.54-1.22) and 25-26 days (FR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.75-1.14) were associated with reduced fecundability. Compared with women who reached menarche at the age of 12-13 years, those who reached menarche at <12 years had reduced fecundability (FR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.76-0.99). Women whose cycles never regularized after menarche (FR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.81-1.06) had slightly reduced fecundability compared with women whose cycles regularized within 2 years of menarche. Bleed length and heaviness of bleeding were not appreciably associated with fecundability.
conclusionsMenstrual cycle characteristics, specifically cycle length and age at menarche, may act as markers of fertility potential among pregnancy planners.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.