ArticleNature microbiology2016
Microbially cleaved immunoglobulins are sensed by the innate immune receptor LILRA2.
Article in Nature microbiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- TMAO Correlates with Transcriptomic Signatures of Leukocyte Activation and Systemic Inflammation Following Burn Injury.Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association · 2026Article
- Genomic Profiling of Adults with Pharmacoresistant Genetic Generalized Epilepsy.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Molecular basis of fibrinogen recognition by the innate immune receptor LILRA2.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- An atypical F-type ATPase is necessary for the function of the antibody cleavage system MIB-MIP in mycoplasmas.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Validation of LILR antibody specificities and development of LILRA3-specific antibodies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- LILRA5 Functions to Induce ROS Production on Innate Immune Cells.European journal of immunology · 2025Article
- Altered Protein Structures and Neoepitopes in Lupus Neutrophils From Dysregulated Splicing of Messenger RNA.ACR open rheumatology · 2025Article
- Characterization of Freshly Isolated Human Peripheral Blood B Cells, Monocytes, CD4+ and CD8+ T Cells, and Skin Mast Cells by Quantitative Transcriptomics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Skin tape-strips in old order Mennonite toddlers reveal upregulated barrier markers and low T-helper inflammatory tone.Allergy · 2024Article
- Secreted Aspartic Proteinases: Key Factors inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Antibody-mediated targeting of human microglial leukocyte Ig-like receptor B4 attenuates amyloid pathology in a mouse model.Science translational medicine · 2024Article
- Fibrinogen induces inflammatory responses via the immune activating receptor LILRA2.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Identification of the hybrid geneFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Human leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors in health and disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- LILRB4, an immune checkpoint on myeloid cells.Blood science (Baltimore, Md.) · 2022Review
- Abrogation of self-tolerance by misfolded self-antigens complexed with MHC class II molecules.Science advances · 2022Article
- Immunoglobulin-like receptors and the generation of innate immune memory.Immunogenetics · 2022Review
- Review
- Functionality of the human antibody response toVirulence · 2021Article
- Characterization of LILRB3 and LILRA6 allelic variants in the Japanese population.Journal of human genetics · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Microbial proteases degrade a variety of host proteins(1-3). However, it has remained largely unknown why microorganisms have evolved to acquire such proteases and how the host responds to microbially degraded products. Here, we have found that immunoglobulins disrupted by microbial pathogens are specifically detected by leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor A2 (LILRA2), an orphan activating receptor expressed on human myeloid cells. Proteases from Mycoplasma hyorhinis, Legionella pneumophila, Streptococcus pneumonia and Candida albicans cleaved the N-terminus of immunoglobulins. Identification of the immunoglobulin-cleaving protease from L. pneumophila revealed that the protease is conserved across some bacteria including Vibrio spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These microbially cleaved immunoglobulins but not normal immunoglobulins stimulated human neutrophils via LILRA2. In addition, stimulation of primary monocytes via LILRA2 inhibited the growth of L. pneumophila. When mice were infected with L. pneumophila, immunoglobulins were cleaved and recognized by LILRA2. More importantly, cleaved immunoglobulins were detected in patients with bacterial infections and stimulated LILRA2-expressing cells. Our findings demonstrate that LILRA2 is a type of innate immune receptor in the host immune system that detects immunoglobulin abnormalities caused by microbial pathogens.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.