ArticleThe Pediatric infectious disease journal2016
Increased Immune Activation and Exhaustion in HIV-infected Youth.
Article in The Pediatric infectious disease journal, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Coordination of inflammatory responses in children with perinatally acquired HIV infection.AIDS (London, England) · 2022Trial
- Effects of vitamin D supplementation on carotid intima-media thickness in HIV-infected youth.Virulence · 2018Trial
- Vitamin D supplementation decreases immune activation and exhaustion in HIV-1-infected youth.Antiviral therapy · 2018Trial
- Partially-functional exhausted CD8+ T cells can contribute to short-term viral suppression: a computational prediction for children with perinatal HIV.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Distinct Metabolic and Inflammation Signatures in Urban vs Rural Ugandan Youth With HIV on Dolutegravir.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Disease Progression in Children With Perinatal Human Immunodeficiency Virus Correlates With Increased PD-1+ CD8 T Cells That Coexpress Multiple Immune Checkpoints.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Early ART-initiation and longer ART duration reduces HIV-1 proviral DNA levels in children from the CHER trial.AIDS research and therapy · 2021Article
- Subclinical Vascular Disease in Children With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Uganda Is Associated With Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
- Monocyte activation and gut barrier dysfunction in South African youth on antiretroviral therapy and their associations with endothelial dysfunction.AIDS (London, England) · 2020Article
- Impact of Early Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation on HIV-Specific CD4 and CD8 T Cell Function in Perinatally Infected Children.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2020Article
- Human immunodeficiency virus-infected young people in Australia: data from the Australian HIV Observational Database.Internal medicine journal · 2018Observational
- Noncommunicable diseases in adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV-1 infection in high-income and low-income settings.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundImmune activation and exhaustion drive several comorbidities and disease progression in HIV-infected adults; however, they are not well studied in HIV-infected youth. Thus, this study sought to examine levels of immune activation and exhaustion in this population, investigate associated HIV- and non-HIV-related variables and compare results with a matched healthy control group.
methodsHIV-infected youth 8-25 years of age on stable antiretroviral therapy with an HIV-1 RNA level <1000 copies/mL were enrolled, along with matched healthy controls. We measured T-cell and monocyte immune activation and exhaustion markers in cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cell and plasma samples.
resultsA total of 136 subjects (80 HIV+: 66% male; 91% black) were enrolled. Markers of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell activation were higher in the HIV-infected group versus controls [mean % CD4+CD38+HLA-DR+ and CD8+CD38+HLA-DR+ = 2.2 versus 1.5 (P=0.002) and 4.9 versus 2.2 (P<0.0001), respectively], as were exhausted CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells [mean % CD4+CD38+HLA-DR+PD-1+ and CD8+CD38+HLA-DR+PD-1+ = 1.0 versus 0.5 (P<0.0001) and 1.6 versus 0.7 (P<0.0001), respectively]. There were no differences in proportions of inflammatory or patrolling monocytes between groups (P>0.05); however, soluble CD14 was higher in HIV-infected compared with controls (1.6 versus 1.4 µg/mL; P=0.01). Current CD4 count, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and age were the variables most associated with CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell activation.
conclusionsCD4+ and CD8+ T-cell immune activation and exhaustion are higher in HIV-infected youth compared with matched controls, while monocyte subpopulations are not altered despite a high soluble CD14 level. The clinical significance of the increased immune activation and exhaustion should be further explored.
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