Trial reportNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology2017
Pharmacologically Induced Sex Hormone Fluctuation Effects on Resting-State Functional Connectivity in a Risk Model for Depression: A Randomized Trial.
Trial report in Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of exogenous oxytocin and estradiol on resting-state functional connectivity in women and men.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Hormonal Cycle and Contraceptive Effects on Amygdala and Salience Resting-State Networks in Women with Previous Affective Side Effects on the Pill.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2018Trial
- Association of GnRH agonists with depression and suicide/self-injury: a FAERS pharmacovigilance study.Endocrine connections · 2026Article
- Leveraging research into sex differences and steroid hormones to improve brain health.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2025Review
- Effects of Chaihu Shugan San on Brain Functional Network Connectivity in the Hippocampus of a Perimenopausal Depression Rat Model.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Hormone-based models for comparing menstrual cycle and hormonal contraceptive effects on human resting-state functional connectivity.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2022Article
- Cognitive processing of emotional information during menstrual phases in women with and without postpartum depression: differential sensitivity to changes in gonadal steroids.Archives of women's mental health · 2022Article
- Decreased brain functional connectivity associated with cognitive dysfunction in women with second pregnancy.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Article
- Reversed patterns of resting state functional connectivity for females vs. males in posttraumatic stress disorder.Neurobiology of stress · 2021Article
- In search of sex-related mediators of affective illness.Biology of sex differences · 2021Review
- Observational
- Default mode network functional connectivity negatively associated with trait openness to experience.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2021Article
- Home-based nursing for improvement of quality of life and depression in patients with postpartum depression.World journal of clinical cases · 2020Article
- Pharmacological sex hormone manipulation as a risk model for depression.Journal of neuroscience research · 2020Review
- Effectiveness and Safety of Acupuncture for Perimenopausal Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2020Review
- Neurobiological mechanisms underlying sex-related differences in stress-related disorders: Effects of neuroactive steroids on the hippocampus.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2019Review
- Sex differences and the neurobiology of affective disorders.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2019Review
- Acupuncture for perimenopausal depression: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.Medicine · 2019Article
- Consciousness in Neurocritical Care Cohort Study Using fMRI and EEG (CONNECT-ME): Protocol for a Longitudinal Prospective Study and a Tertiary Clinical Care Service.Frontiers in neurology · 2018Article
- Disrupted Spontaneous Neural Activity Related to Cognitive Impairment in Postpartum Women.Frontiers in psychology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Women are at relatively greater lifetime risk for depression than men. This elevated risk in women is partly due to heightened risk during time periods characterized by marked fluctuations in sex hormones, including postpartum and perimenopausal periods. How sex hormone fluctuations contribute to heightened risk is not fully understood but may involve intrinsic functional connectivity. We induced a biphasic ovarian sex hormone fluctuation using the gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) goserelin to determine, with a randomized placebo-controlled design, intervention effects on or GnRHa-provoked depressive symptoms associations with change in resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) in 58 healthy women for six seeds (amygdala, hippocampus, anterior cingulate cortex, dorsal raphe, median raphe, and posterior cingulate cortex). GnRHa intervention did not significantly affect rs-FC in any seeds. Considering the GnRHa group only, the emergence of depressive symptoms following intervention was positively associated with amygdala-right temporal cortex and negatively associated with hippocampus-cingulate rs-FC. A test for mediation suggested that rs-FC changes in these networks marginally mediated the association between decrease in estradiol and increase in depressive symptoms in the GnRHa group (p=0.07). Our findings provide novel evidence-linking changes in rs-FC networks, the emergence of depressive symptoms and sex hormone fluctuations. Notably, we observed evidence that changes in rs-FC may represent a key neurobiological intermediary between molecular changes induced by hormone fluctuations and the emergence of depressive symptoms. Taken together, our findings indicate that sex hormone fluctuations may contribute to heightened risk for developing depressive symptoms by affecting intrinsic functional connectivity of key limbic brain structures.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.