ArticlePaediatric and perinatal epidemiology2016
Moderate Prenatal Cadmium Exposure and Adverse Birth Outcomes: a Role for Sex-Specific Differences?
Article in Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis of maternal exposure to heavy metals (lead, cadmium, mercury, chromium) and adverse pregnancy outcomes.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Pooled it
- Prenatal air pollution exposure in relation to the telomere-mitochondrial axis of aging at birth: A systematic review.Environmental research · 2024Pooled it
- Cadmium exposure and risk of adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort and cohort-based case-control studies.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2021Pooled it
- The effects of developmental cadmium exposure on health and disease.Disease models & mechanisms · 2025Review
- Current Understanding of Sex Differences in Metal-Induced Diseases.Current environmental health reports · 2025Review
- Determination of the effect ofVeterinary research forum : an international quarterly journal · 2025Article
- Effects of heavy metal exposure during pregnancy on birth outcomes.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Prenatal Exposure to Heavy Metals and Adverse Birth Outcomes: Evidence From an E-Waste Area in China.GeoHealth · 2023Article
- Placental BCRP transporter reduces cadmium accumulation and toxicity in immortalized human trophoblasts.Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) · 2023Article
- Prenatal Cadmium Exposure and Maternal Sex Steroid Hormone Concentrations across Pregnancy.Toxics · 2023Article
- Protective role of the placental efflux transporter BCRP/ABCG2 in the relationship between prenatal cadmium exposure, placenta weight, and size at birth.Environmental research · 2023Article
- Individual, Independent, and Joint Associations of Toxic Metals and Manganese on Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: Results from the MIREC Canadian Pregnancy Cohort.Environmental health perspectives · 2023Article
- Transplacental permeability of heavy metals in relation to newborn sex - evidence from the neurodevelopment project.Przeglad menopauzalny = Menopause review · 2023Article
- LncRNAFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Article
- First Trimester of Pregnancy as the Sensitive Period for the Association between Prenatal Mosquito Coil Smoke Exposure and Preterm Birth.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Prenatal metal(loid) mixtures and birth weight for gestational age: A pooled analysis of three cohorts participating in the ECHO program.Environment international · 2022Article
- Association between placental toxic metal exposure and NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scales (NNNS) profiles in the Rhode Island Child Health Study (RICHS).Environmental research · 2022Article
- Early pregnancy exposure to metal mixture and birth outcomes - A prospective study in Project Viva.Environment international · 2021Article
- Sex-specific neurotoxic effects of heavy metal pollutants: Epidemiological, experimental evidence and candidate mechanisms.Environmental research · 2021Review
- Exposure to toxic metals and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and the risk of preeclampsia and preterm birth in the United States: a review.American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
aimStudies on the effects of moderate prenatal exposure to cadmium (Cd) on birth outcomes have been contradictory and it has been suggested that effects may be partly masked by sex-specific effects. Our aim was to examine the association of Cd exposure in a large group of pregnant women with birth outcomes in the whole group of participants and by sex.
methodsPregnant women were enrolled in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Whole blood samples for singleton pregnancies with a live birth were analysed for Cd (n = 4191). Data collected on the infants included anthropometric variables and gestational age at delivery. Data were analysed using SPSS v18.
resultsThere were adverse associations of maternal blood Cd level with birthweight (unstandardized B coefficient -62.7 g, 95% CI -107.0, -18.4) and crown-heel length (-0.28 cm, 95% CI -0.48, -0.07) in adjusted regression models. On stratification by sex, maternal blood Cd level was adversely associated with birthweight (-87.1 g, 95% CI -144.8, -29.4), head circumference (-0.22 cm, 95% CI -0.39, -0.04), and crown-heel length (-0.44 cm, 95% CI -0.71, -0.18) in girls but not in boys in adjusted regression models.
conclusionIn these pregnant women with moderate prenatal Cd exposure there evidence of adverse associations with birth anthropometry variables in the whole group. However, there was evidence of associations with anthropometric variables in girls that were not evident in boys. Sex-specific effects require further investigation in large cohorts as a possible contributor to the lack of associations generally found in mixed-sex studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.