Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27930339›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2016

Growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor antagonists inhibit human gastric cancer through downregulation of PAK1-STAT3/NF-κB signaling.

Jinfeng Gan, Xiurong Ke, Jiali Jiang, Hongmei Dong, Zhimeng Yao, Yusheng Lin, Wan Lin, Xiao Wu, Shumei Yan, Yixuan Zhuang and 8 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
51citing papers in PubMed
5.0field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

51 citing papers in PubMed, 78 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
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  4. Effects of GHRH and its analogues on the Vascular System.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2025
    Review
  5. Growth hormone-releasing hormone and cancer.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.

Jinfeng GanCancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
Xiurong KeCancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
Jiali JiangCancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
Hongmei DongCancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
Zhimeng YaoCancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
Yusheng LinCancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
Wan LinCancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
Xiao WuTumor Tissue Bank, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
Shumei YanDepartment of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China.
Yixuan ZhuangTumor Tissue Bank, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
Wai Kit ChuDepartment of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Renzhi CaiEndocrine, Polypeptide, and Cancer Institute, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL 33125.
Xianyang ZhangEndocrine, Polypeptide, and Cancer Institute, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL 33125.
Herman S CheungEndocrine, Polypeptide, and Cancer Institute, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL 33125.
Norman L BlockDepartment of Pathology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136.
Chi Pui PangDepartment of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Andrew V SchallyEndocrine, Polypeptide, and Cancer Institute, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL 33125; haozhang@stu.edu.cn andrew.schally@va.gov.
Hao ZhangCancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; haozhang@stu.edu.cn andrew.schally@va.gov.
Shantou University Medical College · CNShantou University · CNChinese University of Hong Kong · CNSouth Florida Veterans Affairs Foundation for Research and Education · USSylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center · USSun Yat-sen University Cancer Center · CNUniversity of Miami · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gastric cancer (GC) ranks as the fourth most frequent in incidence and second in mortality among all cancers worldwide. The development of effective treatment approaches is an urgent requirement. Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and GHRH receptor (GHRH-R) have been found to be present in a variety of tumoral tissues and cell lines. Therefore the inhibition of GHRH-R was proposed as a promising approach for the treatment of these cancers. However, little is known about GHRH-R and the relevant therapy in human GC. By survival analyses of multiple cohorts of GC patients, we identified that increased GHRH-R in tumor specimens correlates with poor survival and is an independent predictor of patient prognosis. We next showed that MIA-602, a highly potent GHRH-R antagonist, effectively inhibited GC growth in cultured cells. Further, this inhibitory effect was verified in multiple models of human GC cell lines xenografted into nude mice. Mechanistically, GHRH-R antagonists target GHRH-R and down-regulate the p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1)-mediated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) inflammatory pathway. Overall, our studies establish GHRH-R as a potential molecular target in human GC and suggest treatment with GHRH-R antagonist as a promising therapeutic intervention for this cancer.

Indexed as

AgedAnimalsAntineoplastic AgentsCell Line, TumorDisease ProgressionDown-RegulationFemaleHumansInflammationKaplan-Meier EstimateMaleMiceMice, NudeMiddle AgedNF-kappa Bp21-Activated KinasesAntineoplastic AgentsGHRH(1-29)NH2, (PhAc-Ada)(0)-Tyr(1), Arg(2), Fpa(5,6), Ala(8), Har(9), Tyr(Me)(10), His(11), Orn(12,) Abu(15), His(20), Orn(21), Nle(27), Arg(28), Har(29)-NF-kappa Bp21-Activated KinasesPAK1 protein, humanReceptors, NeuropeptideReceptors, Pituitary Hormone-Regulating HormoneSermorelinsomatotropin releasing hormone receptorSTAT3 protein, humanSTAT3 Transcription FactorGHRH-R antagonistGHRH receptorPAK1prognostic predictorstomach cancer

Identifiers

PMID27930339
PMCPMC5187693
OpenAlexW2560845246

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.