ArticleThe journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences2017
Cognitive Function in Low-Income and Low-Literacy Settings: Validation of the Tablet-Based Oxford Cognitive Screen in the Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa (HAALSI).
Article in The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- eHealth tools to assess the neurological function for research, in absence of the neurologist - a systematic review, part I (software).Journal of neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Mental health and well-being of older adults living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review.BMJ open · 2021Pooled it
- Plasma Cystatin C Associates With HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder but Is a Poor Diagnostic Marker in Antiretroviral Therapy-Treated Individuals.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Trial
- Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol: What makes an HCAP an HCAP? An adaptive architecture for measuring cognitive aging around the world.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2026Article
- The measurement of cognition in large-scale cross-national surveys: lessons from the Health and Retirement Study International Network of Studies and the Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2026Article
- The mini-Oxford cognitive screen (Mini-OCS): A very brief cognitive screen for use in chronic stroke.European stroke journal · 2026Article
- Functional Needs Assessment Tool for estimating population-level functional difficulties and the need for services and assistive products: pilot testing in Western Uganda.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2026Article
- Beyond cognition in post-stroke cognitive impairment: neuropsychiatric symptoms and stroke-specific cognitive screening.Cerebral circulation - cognition and behavior · 2026Article
- The mini-Oxford cognitive screen (Mini-OCS): A very brief cognitive screen for use in chronic stroke.European stroke journal · 2025Article
- Oxford Cognitive Screen - Brazilian Portuguese version (OCS-Br): assessment of vascular cognitive impairment.Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria · 2025Observational
- The added value of metadata on test completion time for the quantification of cognitive functioning in survey research.Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS · 2025Article
- Assessing neurocognitive functioning among adults ageing with and without HIV at the Kenyan Coast: measurement issues and correlates.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
- Assessing cognitive function in longitudinal studies of ageing worldwide: some practical considerations.Age and ageing · 2023Review
- Prevalence of suspected dementia in a sample of adults living in Kinshasa-Democratic Republic of the Congo.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2023Article
- Genome-wide association study of population-standardised cognitive performance phenotypes in a rural South African community.Communications biology · 2023Article
- The path between socioeconomic inequality and cognitive function: A mediation analysis based on the HAALSI cohort in rural South Africa.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Cognitive testing following transient ischaemic attack: A systematic review of clinical assessment tools.Cogent psychology · 2023Review
- Characterization of neurocognitive deficits in patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome: persistence, patients' complaints, and clinical predictors.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Validation of the UK English Oxford cognitive screen-plus in sub-acute and chronic stroke survivors.European stroke journal · 2022Article
- Cohort Profile Update: Cognition and dementia in the Health and Aging in Africa Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH community in South Africa (HAALSI dementia).International journal of epidemiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectives1. Assess validity of the Oxford Cognitive Screen (OCS-Plus), a domain-specific cognitive assessment designed for low-literacy settings, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC); 2. Advance theoretical contributions in cognitive neuroscience in domain-specific cognitive function and cognitive reserve, especially related to dementia.
methodIn a cross-sectional study of a sample of 1,402 men and women aged 40-79 in the Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa (HAALSI), we administered OCS-Plus along with health and sociodemographic assessments. HAALSI is a representative sample of older adults in Agincourt, South Africa contributing to normative understanding of cognition in LMIC. We report measure distributions, construct and external validity of the OCS-Plus.
resultsOCS-Plus has excellent construct and external validity. Intra-class correlations between similar basic measures of orientation in OCS-Plus and in HAALSI assessments was 0.79, and groups of people performing well on the OCS-Plus verbal memory also showed superior performance on HAALSI verbal memory. The OCS-Plus scores showed consistent associations with age and education and domain-specific associations with alcohol and depression. Younger respondents and the more educated did better on all assessments. DISCUSSION: The OCS-Plus represents a major methodological advance in dementia studies in LMICs, and enhances understanding of cognitive aging.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.