ReviewFrontiers in endocrinology2016
Obesity: An Immunometabolic Perspective.
Review in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Pharmacological Activity ofBiomolecules · 2020Pooled it
- Systemic Inflammation in Severe Obese Patients Undergoing Surgery for Obesity and Weight-Related Diseases.Obesity surgery · 2018Trial
- Melatonin Supplementation Lowers Oxidative Stress and Regulates Adipokines in Obese Patients on a Calorie-Restricted Diet.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2017Trial
- Weight Loss-Associated Remodeling of Adipose Tissue Immunometabolism.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2025Review
- Therapeutic potential of traditional Chinese medicine and mechanisms for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Chinese medicine · 2025Review
- Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Remission, Dream or Reality? A Narrative Review of Current Evidence and Integrated Care Strategies.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2025Review
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: A Promising Therapeutic Strategy for Spinal Cord Injury.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Continuous Glucose Monitoring-New Diagnostic Tool in Complex Pathophysiological Disorder of Glucose Metabolism in Children and Adolescents with Obesity.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Assessing the combined impact of fatty liver-induced TGF-β1 and LPS-activated macrophages in fibrosis through a novel 3D serial section methodology.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Olanzapine-induced cardiomyopathy: A mimicker of obesity cardiomyopathy?Clinical cardiology · 2024Review
- Article
- Increasing trends of overweight and obesity in treatment-naive people living with HIV in Shenzhen from 2014 to 2020: an emerging health concern.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Is Chemerin Associated with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus? A Case-Control Study.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2023Article
- Elevated Chinese visceral adiposity index increases the risk of stroke in Chinese patients with metabolic syndrome.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Targeting immunometabolism during cardiorenal injury: roles of conventional and alternative macrophage metabolic fuels.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Review
- Gemigliptin Alleviates Succinate-Induced Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation by Ameliorating Mitochondrial Dysfunction.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2022Article
- Phenolic Compounds Known to Be Present in Lingonberry (Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Immunometabolic adaptation and immune plasticity in pregnancy and the bi-directional effects of obesity.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2022Article
- Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Effects of Olive Oil Triterpenic Acids in Obesity and Related Diseases.Nutrients · 2022Review
- The Influence of Obesity and Weight Loss on the Bioregulation of Innate/Inflammatory Responses: Macrophages and Immunometabolism.Nutrients · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Obesity, characterized by chronic activation of inflammatory pathways, is a critical factor contributing to insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Free fatty acids (FFAs) are increased in obesity and are implicated as proximate causes of IR and induction of inflammatory signaling in adipose, liver, muscle, and pancreas. Cells of the innate immune system produce cytokines, and other factors that affect insulin signaling and result in the development of IR. In the lean state, adipose tissue is populated by adipose tissue macrophage of the anti-inflammatory M2 type (ATM2) and natural killer (NK) cells; this maintains the insulin-sensitive phenotype because ATM2 cells secrete IL10. In contrast, obesity induces lipolysis and release of pro-inflammatory FFAs and factors, such as chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), which recruit blood monocytes in adipose tissue, where they are converted to macrophages of the highly pro-inflammatory M1-type (ATM1). Activated ATM1 produce large amounts of pro-inflammatory mediators such as TNF-α, interleukin-1β, IL-6, leukotriene B4, nitric oxide (NO), and resistin that work in a paracrine fashion and cause IR in adipose tissue. In the liver, both pro-inflammatory Kupffer cells (M1-KCs) and recruited hepatic macrophages (Ly6C
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.