Evidence mapPaperPMID 28024931Full record

Trial reportAmerican journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation2017

A Randomized, Single-Blind, Crossover Trial of Recovery Time in High-Flux Hemodialysis and Hemodiafiltration.

James R Smith, Norica Zimmer, Elizabeth Bell, Bernard G Francq, Alex McConnachie, Robert Mactier

Open access · hybridAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
4.8field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Effect of online hemodiafiltration on quality of life, fatigue and recovery time: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of artificial organs : the official journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Organs · 2025
    Pooled it
  3. Measuring quality of life in trials including patients on haemodialysis: methodological issues surrounding the use of the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2022
    Pooled it
  4. Guideline
  5. Guideline
  6. Pooled it
  7. Effect of hemodiafiltration on measured physical activity: primary results of the HDFIT randomized controlled trial.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2021
    Trial
  8. Trial
  9. Trial
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Haemodiafiltration versus high-flux haemodialysis-a Consensus Statement from the EuDial Working Group of the ERA.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2025
    Article
  14. Review
  15. Observational
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Fatigue in Patients Receiving Maintenance Hemodialysis: A Review.American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2023
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

James R SmithGlasgow Renal and Transplant Unit, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom; Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom. Electronic address: jsmith82@nhs.net.
Norica ZimmerGlasgow Renal and Transplant Unit, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.
Elizabeth BellGlasgow Renal and Transplant Unit, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.
Bernard G FrancqRobertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.
Alex McConnachieRobertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.
Robert MactierGlasgow Renal and Transplant Unit, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.
Queen Elizabeth University Hospital · GBUniversity of Glasgow · GBCentre for Inflammation Research · GB

Funding

Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe choice between hemodiafiltration (HDF) or high-flux hemodialysis (HD) to treat end-stage kidney disease remains a matter of debate. The duration of recovery time after treatment has been associated with mortality, affects quality of life, and may therefore be important in informing patient choice. We aimed to establish whether recovery time is influenced by treatment with HDF or HD. STUDY

designRandomized patient-blinded crossover trial. SETTINGS &

participants100 patients with end-stage kidney disease were enrolled from 2 satellite dialysis units in Glasgow, United Kingdom.

intervention8 weeks of HD followed by 8 weeks of online postdilution HDF or vice versa. OUTCOMES: Posttreatment recovery time, symptomatic hypotension events, dialysis circuit clotting events, and biochemical parameters. MEASUREMENTS: Patient-reported recovery time in minutes, incidence of adverse events during treatments, hematology and biochemistry results, quality-of-life questionnaire.

resultsThere was no overall difference in recovery time between treatments (medians for HDF vs HD of 47.5 [IQR, 0-240] vs 30 [IQR, 0-210] minutes, respectively; P=0.9). During HDF treatment, there were significant increases in rates of symptomatic hypotension (8.0% in HDF vs 5.3% in HD; relative risk [RR], 1.52; 95% CI, 1.2-1.9; P<0.001) and intradialytic tendency to clotting (1.8% in HDF vs 0.7% in HD; RR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.5-5.0; P=0.002). Serum albumin level was significantly lower during HDF (3.2 vs 3.3g/dL; P<0.001). Health-related quality-of-life scores were equivalent. LIMITATIONS: Single center; mean achieved HDF convection volume, 20.6L.

conclusionsPatients blinded to whether they were receiving HD or HDF in a randomized controlled crossover study reported similar posttreatment recovery times and health-related quality-of-life scores.

Indexed as

Health StatusQuality of LifeRecovery of FunctionAgedAged, 80 and overbeta 2-MicroglobulinBetaineCross-Over StudiesFemaleHemodiafiltrationHumansHypotensionInterleukin-6Kidney Failure, ChronicMaleMiddle Agedbeta 2-MicroglobulinBetaineIL6 protein, humanInterleukin-6Parathyroid HormonePhosphatesPotassiumUreaVitamin B 12blood pressuredialysis circuit clottingdialysis modalityend-stage kidney disease (ESKD)hemodiafiltration (HDF)Hemodialysis (HD)high-flux HDintradialytic hypotensionquality of liferandomized controlled trial (RCT)recovery timesymptomatic hypotension

Identifiers

PMID28024931
PMCPMC5438239
OpenAlexW2567216467

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.