ReviewNature reviews. Rheumatology2017
Leptin in the interplay of inflammation, metabolism and immune system disorders.
Review in Nature reviews. Rheumatology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05432362 (ESAN II - Energy Sensing in Depression. Effects of Aronia Melanocarpa on Immunomodulation in Patients With Obesity, Depression, and Normal Weight Controls.), which is not on this map. Cited by 262 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
ESAN II - Energy Sensing in Depression. Effects of Aronia Melanocarpa on Immunomodulation in Patients With Obesity, Depression, and Normal Weight Controls.
Who cites it
262 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 488 citations in OpenAlex.
- Leptin, adiponectin levels and their ratios in women with polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- The Effect of Time-Restricted Eating Combined with Exercise on Body Composition and Metabolic Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2024Pooled it
- A genome-wide meta-analysis yields 46 new loci associating with biomarkers of iron homeostasis.Communications biology · 2021Pooled it
- Weight-independent amelioration of adipokine profile by enavogliflozin, a selective SGLT2 inhibitor, in patients with type 2 diabetes.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Trial
- Subcutaneous adipose tissue composition and function are unaffected by liraglutide-induced weight loss in adults with type 1 diabetes.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Changes in Dietary Inflammatory Index Patterns with Weight Loss in Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2021Trial
- Obesity and Sex Affect the Immune Responses to Tick-Borne Encephalitis Booster Vaccination.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Trial
- Intestinal Fibrosis in IBD: Rethinking the Inflammatory Paradigm and Emerging Therapeutic Opportunities.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026Review
- Advances in heterogeneity and classification of osteoarthritis.Bone research · 2026Review
- The Effect on Vitamin D Levels and VDR Gene Polymorphism on Clinical Outcomes in Asthma.Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre · 2026Article
- Serum Leptin Exacerbates Osteoarthritis by Promoting Subchondral Bone H-Type Vessel Angiogenesis via Activation of the PI3K/AKT Pathway.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Lecanemab treatment improves B cell subpopulation immune homeostasis in patients with Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Association of circulating leptin concentration with the risk of Clostridium difficile colitis and exploration of their associated mediators: A mendelian randomisation study.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2026Article
- Leptin sensitizes hepatocytes to endotoxin toxicity via interleukin-1β signaling and drives adaptive immune activation in the liver.Archives of pharmacal research · 2026Article
- Targeting synovial inflammation in knee osteoarthritis: translational insights for diagnosis and therapy.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026Review
- Obesity and oxidative stress: potential mechanisms in endometrial disorders.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Implications of adipocyte dysfunction in pediatric obesity: a narrative review.Pediatric endocrinology, diabetes, and metabolism · 2026Review
- Priming of human monocytes by β-glucan and obesity-associated factors: modifications to global DNA methylation, gene expression, phenotype and function.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Obesity-associated inflammation and cancer: molecular mechanisms, evidence gaps, and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
202 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Leptin is one of the most relevant factors secreted by adipose tissue and the forerunner of a class of molecules collectively called adipokines. Initially discovered in 1994, its crucial role as a central regulator in energy homeostasis has been largely described during the past 20 years. Once secreted into the circulation, leptin reaches the central and peripheral nervous systems and acts by binding and activating the long form of leptin receptor (LEPR), regulating appetite and food intake, bone mass, basal metabolism, reproductive function and insulin secretion, among other processes. Research on the regulation of different adipose tissues has provided important insights into the intricate network that links nutrition, metabolism and immune homeostasis. The neuroendocrine and immune systems communicate bi-directionally through common ligands and receptors during stress responses and inflammation, and control cellular immune responses in several pathological situations including immune-inflammatory rheumatic diseases. This Review discusses the latest findings regarding the role of leptin in the immune system and metabolism, with particular emphasis on its effect on autoimmune and/or inflammatory rheumatic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
Indexed as
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.