Observational studyBMC infectious diseases2017
Associations of statins and antiretroviral drugs with the onset of type 2 diabetes among HIV-1-infected patients.
Observational study in BMC infectious diseases, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between integrase strand transfer inhibitor use with insulin resistance and incident diabetes mellitus in persons living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2023Pooled it
- Effectiveness and safety of statins on outcomes in patients with HIV infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2022Pooled it
- Optimizing cardiometabolic risk in people living with human immunodeficiency virus: A deep dive into an important risk enhancer.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2024Review
- Article
- Adipose Tissue Dysfunction and Energy Balance Paradigms in People Living With HIV.Endocrine reviews · 2024Review
- Statins for primary cardiovascular disease prevention among people with HIV: emergent directions.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2022Review
- Statins in High Cardiovascular Risk Patients: Do Comorbidities and Characteristics Matter?International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Insulin resistance in people living with HIV is associated with exposure to thymidine analogues and/or didanosine and prior immunodeficiency.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Development of type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance in people with HIV infection: Prevalence, incidence and associated factors.PloS one · 2021Article
- Recommended First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy Regimens and Risk of Diabetes Mellitus in HIV-Infected Adults in Resource-Limited Settings.Open forum infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Benefits and Risks of Statin Therapy in the HIV-Infected Population.Current infectious disease reports · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundStatin use is associated with a modest increase in the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) among the general population. However, HIV-infected patients have a higher risk of developing DM, and it is unclear whether statins have a diabetogenic effect in these patients. Therefore, we investigated the associations of statin use and exposure to antiretroviral drugs with type 2 DM onset in a cohort of HIV-infected patients.
methodsThis retrospective, controlled, cohort study identified HIV-1-infected patients who did not have DM and were not receiving statins at their antiretroviral treatment (ART) initiation. Follow-up was accrued from ART initiation to the earliest instance of a DM diagnosis, loss to follow-up, death, or last available visit. The incidence of DM was estimated according to statin use, which was adjusted for periods without statin treatment. The Fine-Gray competing risk model was used in the multivariate analysis to identify risk factors for developing DM.
resultsThe analyses evaluated 6,195 patients followed for 9.8 years (interquartile range: 4.3-16.3 years). During 64,149 person-years of follow-up (PYFU), 235 patients developed DM (crude incidence: 3.66 [95%CI: 3.20-4.13] per 1,000 PYFU), and 917 (14%) patients used statins. After adjusting for potential confounders, statin use was associated with a non-significant increase in the risk of DM (AHR: 1.21, 95% CI: 0.71-2.07; P = 0.47). DM was more likely among patients who were ever treated with stavudine, and less likely among those ever treated using emtricitabine, tenofovir, abacavir, efavirenz, nevirapine, atazanavir or darunavir.
conclusionsA higher risk of diabetes mellitus was not associated with statin treatment but with traditional risk factors and stavudine use while a reduced risk of DM was associated with the use of emtricitabine, tenofovir, abacavir, efavirenz, nevirapine, atazanavir or darunavir.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.