Evidence mapPaperPMID 28070733Full record

ArticleDiabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders2017

GLP-1 RA Treatment Patterns Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Five European Countries.

Victoria Divino, Mitch DeKoven, Farhad Ali Khan, Kristina S Boye, Hélène Sapin, Kirsi Norrbacka

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It reports registered trial NCT05535322. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05535322 completed

Real-world Evaluation of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1RA) on Efficacy and Persistence, Adherence and Therapeutic Inertia Among Type 2 Diabetes Adults With Obesity in the Department of Health of Valencia Clínico-Malvarrosa

Ran2014Enrolled26,944Registered outcomes12Posted comparisons0ConditionsObesity, Type 2 DiabetesArmsGLP-1RA, Insulin, Miscellany, SGLT2i
Open the trial in the graph
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
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  13. Switching Between Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: Rationale and Practical Guidance.Clinical diabetes : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2020
    Article
  14. Rationale for Timely Insulin Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes Within the Framework of Individualised Treatment: 2020 Update.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2020
    Review
  15. GLP-1 RA Treatment and Dosing Patterns Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Six Countries: A Retrospective Analysis of Pharmacy Claims Data.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2019 · on this map
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Lack of Treatment Persistence and Treatment Nonadherence as Barriers to Glycaemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2019
    Review
  18. A Retrospective Database Study of Liraglutide Persistence Associated with Glycemic and Body Weight Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2019
    Article
  19. Austrian Experience with Lixisenatide Under Real-Life Conditions: A Prospective Observational Study.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2019
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Victoria DivinoQuintilesIMS, Fairfax, VA, USA. victoria.divino@quintilesims.com.
Mitch DeKovenQuintilesIMS, Fairfax, VA, USA.
Farhad Ali KhanQuintilesIMS, Stockholm, Sweden.
Kristina S BoyeEli Lilly, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Hélène SapinEli Lilly, Paris, France.
Kirsi NorrbackaEli Lilly, Helsinki, Finland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are a relatively new class of injectable drugs used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). This retrospective database study evaluated real-world treatment patterns of T2D patients initiating GLP-1 RAs in Belgium (BE), France (FR), Germany (DE), The Netherlands (NL) and Sweden (SE).

methodsAdult T2D patients initiating exenatide twice daily (exBID), exenatide once weekly (exQW), liraglutide (LIRA) or lixisenatide (LIXI) during 2013 were identified using the QuintilesIMS (QuintilesIMS, Durham, NC, and Danbury, CT, USA) longitudinal retail pharmacy databases (LRx; BE/FR/DE/NL) and national health register data (SE). Therapy initiation date was termed 'index date.' Eligible patients had ≥180-day pre- and variable follow-up (minimum ≥360 days post-index). Baseline patient and treatment characteristics were assessed. Treatment modification and persistence were evaluated over the 1-year follow-up. Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival curves evaluated stopping of the index therapy (first of discontinuation or switch) over the available follow-up.

resultsA total of 4339 exBID, 1499 exQW, 20,955 LIRA and 1751 LIXI patients were included in the analysis (45.1-61.9% female; mean age range 57.1-62.9 years). Mean follow-up ranged from 17.7 to 30.7 months. Across countries/databases, the proportion experiencing a treatment modification at 1-year ranged from 84.1 to 93.8% for exBID, 53.3-73.4% for exQW and 59.5-80.5% for LIRA patients. The proportion of LIXI patients with treatment modification was 55.0% in Belgium (N = 20) and 96.9% in Germany (LIXI taken off the German market in April 2014). In KM analyses, LIRA patients had the lowest proportion stopping therapy, while exBID patients had the highest proportion stopping therapy, across databases, with the exception of LIXI patents.

conclusionTreatment patterns varied among GLP-1 RA patients, and persistence was generally highest among LIRA and lowest among exBID across countries. Longer term data would be useful, given the recent approval of several GLP-1 RA therapies.

fundingEli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, IN, USA.

Indexed as

Diabetes mellitusExenatide BIDExenatide QWGlucagon-like peptide 1/analogs and derivativesGlucagon-like peptide 1/therapeutic useLiraglutideLixisenatidePersistenceRetrospective studiesTreatment patternsType 2/drug therapy

Identifiers

PMID28070733
PMCPMC5306123

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.