Evidence mapPaperPMID 28109295Full record

Trial reportCardiovascular diabetology2017

A randomised, active- and placebo-controlled, three-period crossover trial to investigate short-term effects of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor linagliptin on macro- and microvascular endothelial function in type 2 diabetes.

Thomas Jax, Alin Stirban, Arne Terjung, Habib Esmaeili, Andreas Berk, Sandra Thiemann, Robert Chilton, Maximilian von Eynatten, Nikolaus Marx

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldFull text readComparative StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01703286 (Randomized, Three Period Cross Over, Double Blind, Double Dummy Study in Type 2 Diabetic Patients to Assess the Endothelial Effects of Linagliptin, Glimepiride and Placebo Therapy for 28 Days), which is not on this map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.6field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01703286 phase1completednot on this map

Randomized, Three Period Cross Over, Double Blind, Double Dummy Study in Type 2 Diabetic Patients to Assess the Endothelial Effects of Linagliptin, Glimepiride and Placebo Therapy for 28 Days ('ENDOTHELINA')

TypeinterventionalSponsorBoehringer IngelheimRan2012 to 2014Enrolled42ConditionsDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2ArmsPlacebo, Linagliptin, Glimepiride
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Thomas JaxProfil Institut für Stoffwechselforschung GmbH, Hellersbergstr. 9, 41460, Neuss, Germany. twjax@gmx.de.
Alin StirbanProfil Institut für Stoffwechselforschung GmbH, Hellersbergstr. 9, 41460, Neuss, Germany.
Arne TerjungProfil Institut für Stoffwechselforschung GmbH, Hellersbergstr. 9, 41460, Neuss, Germany.
Habib EsmaeiliStaburo GmbH, Munich, Germany.
Andreas BerkBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany.
Sandra ThiemannBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Ingelheim, Germany.
Robert ChiltonUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Maximilian von EynattenBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Ingelheim, Germany.
Nikolaus MarxRWTH Aachen University, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
Boehringer Ingelheim (Germany) · DEProfil Institute for Metabolic Research · DERWTH Aachen University · DEThe University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundStudies of dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-4 inhibitors report heterogeneous effects on endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study assessed the effects of the DPP-4 inhibitor linagliptin versus the sulphonylurea glimepiride and placebo on measures of macro- and microvascular endothelial function in patients with T2D who represented a primary cardiovascular disease prevention population.

methodsThis crossover study randomised T2D patients (n = 42) with glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) ≤7.5%, no diagnosed macro- or microvascular disease and on stable metformin background to linagliptin 5 mg qd, glimepiride 1-4 mg qd or placebo for 28 days. Fasting and postprandial macrovascular endothelial function, measured using brachial flow-mediated vasodilation, and microvascular function, measured using laser-Doppler on the dorsal thenar site of the right hand, were analysed after 28 days.

resultsBaseline mean (standard deviation) age, body mass index and HbA1c were 60.3 (6.0) years, 30.3 (3.0) kg/m

conclusionsLinagliptin had no effect on macrovascular function in T2D, but significantly improved microvascular function in the fasting state. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier-NCT01703286; registered October 1, 2012.

Indexed as

AgedBiomarkersBrachial ArteryCross-Over StudiesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diabetic AngiopathiesDipeptidyl Peptidase 4Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV InhibitorsDrug Therapy, CombinationEndothelium, VascularFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHumansHypoglycemic AgentsLinagliptinMaleBiomarkersDipeptidyl Peptidase 4Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV InhibitorsDPP4 protein, humanglimepirideGlycated Hemoglobinhemoglobin A1c protein, humanHypoglycemic AgentsLinagliptinMetforminSulfonylurea CompoundsDipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitorEndothelial functionFlow-mediated vasodilationLinagliptinMacrovascularMicrovascularSulphonylureaType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID28109295
PMCPMC5251248
OpenAlexW2576157838

What Socratic holds

Textfull text, public
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.