ReviewTrends in microbiology2017
Collective Infectious Units in Viruses.
Review in Trends in microbiology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 82 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
82 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 133 citations in OpenAlex.
- How long do bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and viruses retain their replication capacity on inanimate surfaces? A systematic review examining environmental resilience versus healthcare-associated infection risk by "fomite-borne risk assessment".Clinical microbiology reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Concepts of RNA virus evolution for the design of better antiviral countermeasures.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Virion aggregation shapes infection dynamics and evolutionary potential.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Virion aggregation shapes infection dynamics and evolutionary potential.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Nonlytic Egress and Transmission in the Virus World.Annual review of biochemistry · 2025Review
- Assessing Urban Yellow Fever Transmission Risk:Viruses · 2025Article
- Relative frequency dynamics and loading of beet necrotic yellow vein virus genomic RNAs during the acquisition by its vectorJournal of virology · 2025Article
- The measles virus matrix F50S mutation from a lethal case of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis promotes receptor-independent neuronal spread.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Baculovirus Genetic Diversity and Population Structure.Viruses · 2025Review
- Navigating a Fine Balance: Point-Mutant Cheater Viruses Disrupt the Viral Replication Cycle.Molecular biology and evolution · 2025Article
- A measles virus collective infectious unit that caused lethal human brain disease includes many locally restricted and few widespread copy-back defective genomes.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- The kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 infection based on a human challenge study.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- A review of HSV pathogenesis, vaccine development, and advanced applications.Molecular biomedicine · 2024Review
- A qPCR Assay for the Quantification of Selected Genotypic Variants of Spodoptera frugiperda Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus (Viruses · 2024Article
- Transmission Bottleneck Size Estimation from De Novo Viral Genetic Variation.Molecular biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Influenza A genomic diversity during human infections underscores the strength of genetic drift and the existence of tight transmission bottlenecks.Virus evolution · 2024Article
- Brain tropism acquisition: The spatial dynamics and evolution of a measles virus collective infectious unit that drove lethal subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Open questions in the social lives of viruses.Journal of evolutionary biology · 2023Review
- Uncovering Microbiome Adaptations in a Full-Scale Biogas Plant: Insights from MAG-Centric Metagenomics and Metaproteomics.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Article
22 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that viruses do not simply propagate as independent virions among cells, organs, and hosts. Instead, viral spread is often mediated by structures that simultaneously transport groups of viral genomes, such as polyploid virions, aggregates of virions, virion-containing proteinaceous structures, secreted lipid vesicles, and virus-induced cell-cell contacts. These structures increase the multiplicity of infection, independently of viral population density and transmission bottlenecks. Collective infectious units may contribute to the maintenance of viral genetic diversity, and could have implications for the evolution of social-like virus-virus interactions. These may include various forms of cooperation such as immunity evasion, genetic complementation, division of labor, and relaxation of fitness trade-offs, but also noncooperative interactions such as negative dominance and interference, potentially leading to conflict.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.