Trial reportJournal of the American Heart Association2017
China Stroke Primary Prevention Trial: Visit-to-Visit Systolic Blood Pressure Variability Is an Independent Predictor of Primary Stroke in Hypertensive Patients.
Trial report in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00794885 (Enalapril Maleate and Folic Acid Tablets for Primary Prevention of Stroke in Patients With Hypertension), which is not on this map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Enalapril Maleate and Folic Acid Tablets for Primary Prevention of Stroke in Patients With Hypertension: a Post-marketing, Double-blind, Randomized Controlled Trial.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic value of blood pressure variability in patients with heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of human hypertension · 2026Pooled it
- Visit-to-visit Systolic Blood Pressure Variability and Stroke Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Current medical science · 2019Pooled it
- Trial
- Determinants and Clinical Impact of Visit-to-visit Blood Pressure Variability in Patients with Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction.JMA journal · 2025Article
- Visit-to-Visit Systolic Blood Pressure Variability and Risk of Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Blood pressure management to prevent recurrent stroke: current evidence and perspectives.NPJ cardiovascular health · 2024Review
- Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure variability and association with ischemic stroke subtypes in the subacute stage.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Interactive Effects of Dietary Inflammatory Index with BMI for the Risk of Stroke among Adults in the United States: Insight from NHANES 2011-2018.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2023Article
- Effect of perioperative blood pressure variability on cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome after carotid artery stenting: A retrospective study.Interventional neuroradiology : journal of peritherapeutic neuroradiology, surgical procedures and related neurosciences · 2022Article
- Transportation physical activity and new-onset hypertension: A nationwide cohort study in China.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2022Article
- Short-term blood pressure variability and outcomes in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Visit-to-visit variability of blood pressure and cardiovascular events among the working-age population in Japan: findings from the Japan Epidemiology Collaboration on Occupational Health Study.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2021Article
- Positive Association Between Serum Alkaline Phosphatase and First Stroke in Hypertensive Adults.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Article
- Relation between Blood Pressure Variability within a Single Visit and Stroke.International journal of hypertension · 2021Article
- Prognostic importance of long-term SBP variability in high-risk hypertension.Journal of hypertension · 2020Article
- Use of atypical antipsychotics and risk of hypertension: A case report and review literature.SAGE open medical case reports · 2019Article
- Twenty-four-hour blood pressure variability plays a detrimental role in the neurological outcome of hemorrhagic stroke.The Journal of international medical research · 2018Article
- Association between homocysteine and conventional predisposing factors on risk of stroke in patients with hypertension.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Alteration in Brain Functional and Effective Connectivity in Subjects With Hypertension.Frontiers in physiology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
22 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe optimal range of blood pressure variability remains unclear. We aimed to stratify the degree of risk of stroke based on visit-to-visit systolic blood pressure (SBP) variability in a large Chinese hypertensive population in 32 communities. METHODS AND
resultsWe retrospectively analyzed the data of 20 702 hypertensive patients from the China Stroke Primary Prevention Trial. The participants were randomized into 2 treatment groups to receive either enalapril or enalapril plus folic acid. Their blood pressures were measured every 3 months. The outcome was the first stroke. Three parameters of SBP variability were calculated: standard deviation, coefficient of variation, and average real variability. The records of first 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 visits at which SBP was measured were used to calculate SBP variability and to predict subsequent stroke risk in adjusted Cox regression models. After median follow-up of 4.5 years, 597 patients had experienced stroke. Visit-to-visit SBP variability was an independent predictor of subsequent stroke (eg, the hazard ratio for the highest quintile of average real variability [22.67-61.07 mm Hg] over 6 visits was 1.55, 95% CI 1.07-2.25,
conclusionsVisit-to-visit SBP variability is an independent predictor of primary stroke in Chinese hypertensive patients. This predictive value depends on the number of blood pressure measurements used to calculate variability but is independent of mean SBP. CLINICAL
trial registrationURL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00794885.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.