ReviewCellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS2017
Abnormal kynurenine pathway of tryptophan catabolism in cardiovascular diseases.
Review in Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 142 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
142 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 235 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exercise-induced adaptations in the kynurenine pathway: implications for health and disease management.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of hormone therapy on tryptophan metabolism and atherosclerosis among postmenopausal women.Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society · 2025Trial
- VSMC-derived 3HAA activates AhR to drive abdominal aortic aneurysm formation via the p62-Nrf2 axis.Redox biology · 2026Article
- Theacrine-rich Jianghua Kucha black tea alleviates depressionRSC advances · 2026Article
- Major depressive disorder shares systemic immune signatures and potential therapeutic targets with inflammatory skin diseases.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Estrogen deprivation induces hepatic inflammation, Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1, tryptophan catabolism, and plasma cholesterol.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Artemether and Euphorbia factor L9 suppress kynurenine production through distinct effects on tryptophan metabolism.The Biochemical journal · 2026Article
- The Impact of Clinical Variables and Dialysis Modality on Kynurenine Pathway Enzymes Expression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The effects of supplementing Astragalus and fermented Astragalus on lactation performance, rumen microbiota, and lamb weight gain in Turpan black sheep.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- The Role of Downstream Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites in the Modulation of Cardiovascular Disease Development in Chronic Kidney Disease.International journal of tryptophan research : IJTR · 2026Review
- The kynurenine pathway in depression and schizophrenia: convergent signals, divergent states, and clinical signatures.EXCLI journal · 2026Review
- Role of Tryptophan Metabolism in Cancer.Cancer innovation · 2025Review
- Perturbed pediatric circulating metabolome in mild and severe dengue disease.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Multi-omics profiling reveals key microbial and metabolic variations in ischemic stroke: insights into gut and oral microbiota.Archives of microbiology · 2025Article
- Smooth muscle-specific expression of hydroxyindole O-methyltransferase reduces arterial injury-induced intimal hyperplasia.Journal of biomedical science · 2025Article
- Kynu inhibition mitigates bile duct ischemic injury by rewiring tryptophan metabolism to restore tight junction integrity.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Kynurenine as a Predictor of Long-Term Mortality: A 10-Year Follow-Up from the KORONEF Registry.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Compounds Derived from Tryptophan Metabolism inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Oxidative Stress Markers Are Lower in MINOCA Than in MI-CAD, Despite Comparable Inflammatory Status.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The relationship between adult phenylketonuria and the cardiovascular system - insights into mechanisms and risks.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2025Review
82 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Kynurenine pathway (KP) is the primary path of tryptophan (Trp) catabolism in most mammalian cells. The KP generates several bioactive catabolites, such as kynurenine (Kyn), kynurenic acid (KA), 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK), xanthurenic acid (XA), and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3-HAA). Increased catabolite concentrations in serum are associated with several cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including heart disease, atherosclerosis, and endothelial dysfunction, as well as their risk factors, including hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and aging. The first catabolic step in KP is primarily controlled by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO). Following this first step, the KP has two major branches, one branch is mediated by kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (KMO) and kynureninase (KYNU) and is responsible for the formation of 3-HK, 3-HAA, and quinolinic acid (QA); and another branch is controlled by kynurenine amino-transferase (KAT), which generates KA. Uncontrolled Trp catabolism has been demonstrated in distinct CVD, thus, understanding the underlying mechanisms by which regulates KP enzyme expression and activity is paramount. This review highlights the recent advances on the effect of KP enzyme expression and activity in different tissues on the pathological mechanisms of specific CVD, KP is an inflammatory sensor and modulator in the cardiovascular system, and KP catabolites act as the potential biomarkers for CVD initiation and progression. Moreover, the biochemical features of critical KP enzymes and principles of enzyme inhibitor development are briefly summarized, as well as the therapeutic potential of KP enzyme inhibitors against CVD is briefly discussed.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.