Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28385659›Full record

Trial reportThe lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology2017

Efficacy and safety of once-weekly semaglutide versus once-daily sitagliptin as an add-on to metformin, thiazolidinediones, or both, in patients with type 2 diabetes (SUSTAIN 2): a 56-week, double-blind, phase 3a, randomised trial.

Bo Ahrén, Luis Masmiquel, Harish Kumar, Mehmet Sargin, Julie Derving Karsbøl, Sanja Hald Jacobsen, Francis Chow

Registry-linked trialAbstract readClinical Trial, Phase IIIComparative StudyMulticenter Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It reports registered trial NCT01930188. Cited by 263 papers, 24 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
263citing papers in PubMed, 24 pooled it
26.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01930188 phase3completed

Efficacy and Safety of Semaglutide Once-weekly Versus Sitagliptin Once-daily as add-on to Metformin and/or TZD in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes (SUSTAIN™ 2 - vs. DPP-4 Inhibitor)

Ran2013Enrolled1,231Registered outcomes6Posted comparisons2ConditionsDiabetes, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2ArmsPlacebo, semaglutide, Sitagliptin
PMID 29862621PMID 29764222PMID 30615985PMID 29748996PMID 30865526PMID 29766634PMID 30938762PMID 29907893other papers from this trial
Open the trial in the graph
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

263 citing papers in PubMed, 24 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 459 citations in OpenAlex.

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  5. Meta-analysis of the Effect of Semaglutide on Blood Pressure in Obese Populations.American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions · 2025 · on this map
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  16. Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Semaglutide: A Systematic Review.Drug design, development and therapy · 2024
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203 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 6 institutions in 6 countries.

Bo AhrénDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Division of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. Electronic address: bo.ahren@med.lu.se.
Luis MasmiquelBalearic Institute of Endocrinology and Nutrition (IBEN), Hospital Quirónsalud Palmaplanas, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
Harish KumarAmrita Viswa Vidyapeetham University, Kochi, Kerala, India.
Mehmet SarginKartal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Julie Derving KarsbølNovo Nordisk A/S, Søborg, Denmark.
Sanja Hald JacobsenNovo Nordisk A/S, Søborg, Denmark.
Francis ChowChinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Novo Nordisk (Denmark) · DKAmrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham · INChinese University of Hong Kong · CNClinica Rotger · ESDr Lütfi Kırdar Kartal Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi · TRLund University · SE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSemaglutide is a novel glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue, suitable for once-weekly subcutaneous administration, in development for treatment of type 2 diabetes. We assessed the efficacy and safety of semaglutide versus the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor sitagliptin in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled on metformin, thiazolidinediones, or both.

methodsWe did a 56-week, phase 3a, randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, active-controlled, parallel-group, multinational, multicentre trial (SUSTAIN 2) at 128 sites in 18 countries. Eligible patients were aged at least 18 years (or at least 20 years in Japan) and diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, with insufficient glycaemic control (HbA

findingsBetween Dec 2, 2013, and Aug 5, 2015, we randomly assigned 1231 participants; of the 1225 included in the modified intention-to-treat analysis, 409 received semaglutide 0·5 mg, 409 received semaglutide 1·0 mg, and 407 received sitagliptin 100 mg. Mean baseline HbA

interpretationOnce-weekly semaglutide was superior to sitagliptin at improving glycaemic control and reducing bodyweight in participants with type 2 diabetes on metformin, thiazolidinediones, or both, and had a similar safety profile to that of other GLP-1 receptor agonists. Semaglutide seems to be an effective add-on treatment option for this patient population.

fundingNovo Nordisk A/S.

Indexed as

AgedDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Double-Blind MethodDrug Therapy, CombinationFemaleGlucagon-Like PeptidesHumansHypoglycemic AgentsMaleMetforminMiddle AgedSemaglutideSitagliptin PhosphateThiazolidinedionesGlucagon-Like PeptidesHypoglycemic AgentsMetforminSemaglutideSitagliptin PhosphateThiazolidinediones

Identifiers

PMID28385659
OpenAlexW2604469807

What Socratic holds

Texttitle and abstract
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.