SynthesisPloS one2017
In vitro induction of NETosis: Comprehensive live imaging comparison and systematic review.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 138 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
138 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 207 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of Neutrophils on the Ocular Surface.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Pooled it
- Neutrophil extracellular traps formation driven by novel ELANE mutations in cyclic neutropenia patients.Genes and immunity · 2026Article
- NETosis associates with human TB lung tissue destruction and disease pathogenesis.EMBO molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Lyophilized Synthetic Platelets: In Vitro Characterization and In Vivo Evaluation in Mouse Thrombocytopenia Model.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Cellular and molecular interactions underlying the peripheral immune responses to blood-stage malaria infections.ImmunoHorizons · 2026Review
- The Interaction of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Complement in Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Differential sensitivity of leukocyte populations toInfection and immunity · 2026Article
- The Molecular Network of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Biogenesis, Function, and Therapeutic Implications.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Mitochondria as Inducers of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps.Inflammation · 2026Review
- CXCL8 greatly enhances neutrophil extracellular traps formation induced by calcium crystalsFrontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- A semi-automated imaging and analysis pipeline for NET quantification and temporal-profiling of NETosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The Immunopathogenesis of uveitis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Vicious Cycle in the Tumor Microenvironment and Targeted Interventions.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Review
- Extracellular traps, an ancient defense mechanism described in hemocytes of the tick Rhipicephalus microplus.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Neutrophil extracellular traps in cancer: immune modulation, therapy resistance, and the dilemma of targeting.Cell death & disease · 2025Review
- Infant Viability in Severe Preeclampsia: Management Strategies and the Potential Role of Calprotectin-A Narrative Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Influence of Acute Phase Proteins on Neutrophil Function In Vitro.FASEB bioAdvances · 2025Article
- Cytotransducers for Visualization of Spatiotemporal Intercellular Communication.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Article
- Neutrophil expression of CD41/CD61 complex contributes to their adhesiveness in both healthy individuals and heart failure patients.BMC immunology · 2025Article
78 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMultiple inducers of in vitro Neutrophil Extracellular Trap (NET) formation (NETosis) have been described. Since there is much variation in study design and results, our aim was to create a systematic review of NETosis inducers and perform a standardized in vitro study of NETosis inducers important in (cardiac) wound healing.
methodsIn vitro NETosis was studied by incubating neutrophils with PMA, living and dead bacteria (S. aureus and E. coli), LPS, (activated) platelets (supernatant), glucose and calcium ionophore Ionomycin using 3-hour periods of time-lapse confocal imaging.
resultsPMA is a consistent and potent inducer of NETosis. Ionomycin also consistently resulted in extrusion of DNA, albeit with a process that differs from the NETosis process induced by PMA. In our standardized experiments, living bacteria were also potent inducers of NETosis, but dead bacteria, LPS, (activated) platelets (supernatant) and glucose did not induce NETosis.
conclusionOur systematic review confirms that there is much variation in study design and results of NETosis induction. Our experimental results confirm that under standardized conditions, PMA, living bacteria and Ionomycin all strongly induce NETosis, but real-time confocal imaging reveal different courses of events.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.