ReviewDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2018
Review of methods for measuring β-cell function: Design considerations from the Restoring Insulin Secretion (RISE) Consortium.
Review in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It reports registered trial NCT01779362. Cited by 57 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Restoring Insulin Secretion Adult Medication Study
Restoring Insulin Secretion Pediatric Medication Study
Open the trial in the graphWho cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020 · on this mapPooled it
- Effects of different doses of exercise and diet-induced weight loss on beta-cell function in type 2 diabetes (DOSE-EX): a randomized clinical trial.Nature metabolism · 2023Trial
- Time-restricted eating did not alter insulin sensitivity or β-cell function in adults with obesity: A randomized pilot study.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2023Trial
- Maternal Glycaemic and Insulinemic Status and Newborn DNA Methylation: Findings in Women With Overweight and Obesity.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Trial
- Berberine is an insulin secretagogue targeting the KCNH6 potassium channel.Nature communications · 2021Trial
- Baseline Predictors of Glycemic Worsening in Youth and Adults With Impaired Glucose Tolerance or Recently Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes in the Restoring Insulin Secretion (RISE) Study.Diabetes care · 2021Trial
- Dipeptidyl-Peptidase-IV Inhibitors, Imigliptin and Alogliptin, Improve Beta-Cell Function in Type 2 Diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Trial
- Islet Autoimmunity in Adults With Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Recently Diagnosed, Treatment Naïve Type 2 Diabetes in the Restoring Insulin SEcretion (RISE) Study.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Impact of Gastric Banding Versus Metformin on β-Cell Function in Adults With Impaired Glucose Tolerance or Mild Type 2 Diabetes.Diabetes care · 2018 · on this mapTrial
- Impact of Insulin and Metformin Versus Metformin Alone on β-Cell Function in Youth With Impaired Glucose Tolerance or Recently Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes.Diabetes care · 2018 · on this mapTrial
- Redefining β-Cell Function in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: From Comprehensive Assessment to Precision Medicine.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2026Review
- Baseline β-Cell Secretory Reserve and Its Association with Glycaemic Control and Long-Term Outcomes Across Diabetes Phenotypes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Incretin system and glucagon secretion in patients with chronic pancreatitis.European journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- GLP-1 receptor agonist protects glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells against lipotoxicity via PPARδ/UCP2 pathway.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2025Article
- Alterations and mechanistic insights of gut microbiota and its metabolites in type 2 diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease.iMetaOmics · 2025Review
- Islet hormones at the intersection of glucose and amino acid metabolism.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2025Review
- Pancreatic beta cell function and insulin resistance profiles in first-degree relatives of patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes.Acta diabetologica · 2025Article
- Hepatic lipogenesis marked by GCKR-modulated triglycerides increases serum FGF21 in children/teens with obesity.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The Restoring Insulin Secretion (RISE) study was initiated to evaluate interventions to slow or reverse the progression of β-cell failure in type 2 diabetes (T2D). To design the RISE study, we undertook an evaluation of methods for measurement of β-cell function and changes in β-cell function in response to interventions. In the present paper, we review approaches for measurement of β-cell function, focusing on methodologic and feasibility considerations. Methodologic considerations included: (1) the utility of each technique for evaluating key aspects of β-cell function (first- and second-phase insulin secretion, maximum insulin secretion, glucose sensitivity, incretin effects) and (2) tactics for incorporating a measurement of insulin sensitivity in order to adjust insulin secretion measures for insulin sensitivity appropriately. Of particular concern were the capacity to measure β-cell function accurately in those with poor function, as is seen in established T2D, and the capacity of each method for demonstrating treatment-induced changes in β-cell function. Feasibility considerations included: staff burden, including time and required methodological expertise; participant burden, including time and number of study visits; and ease of standardizing methods across a multicentre consortium. After this evaluation, we selected a 2-day measurement procedure, combining a 3-hour 75-g oral glucose tolerance test and a 2-stage hyperglycaemic clamp procedure, augmented with arginine.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.