SynthesisNutrients2017
Adherence to a Vegetarian Diet and Diabetes Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.
Synthesis in Nutrients, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Plant-based diets and risk of type 2 diabetes: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.The British journal of nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Cardiovascular health and cancer risk associated with plant based diets: An umbrella review.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Comparison of dietary and physical activity behaviors in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 39 471 women.Human reproduction update · 2022Pooled it
- American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline: Developing a Diabetes Mellitus Comprehensive Care Plan-2022 Update.Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists · 2022Guideline
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of the associations of vegan and vegetarian diets with inflammatory biomarkers.Scientific reports · 2020Pooled it
- Role of diet in type 2 diabetes incidence: umbrella review of meta-analyses of prospective observational studies.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2019Pooled it
- Pro-vegetarian food patterns and cardiometabolic risk in the PREDIMED-Plus study: a cross-sectional baseline analysis.European journal of nutrition · 2022Trial
- Trial
- [Diabetes mellitus-definition, classification, diagnosis, screening and prevention (Update 2026)].Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2026Review
- Plant-Based Dietary Patterns and Neuroimaging Biomarkers of Brain Health: A Scoping Review of Observational and Interventional Evidence.American journal of lifestyle medicine · 2026Review
- Comparing Dietary Intake and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Vancouver's South Asian Community.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Living longer and lifestyle: A report on the oldest of the old in the Adventist Health Study-2.JAR life · 2025Article
- 3. Prevention or Delay of Diabetes and Associated Comorbidities: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025.Diabetes care · 2025Review
- A Plant-Based Food Guide Adapted for Low-Fat Diets: The VegPlate Low-Fat (VP_LF).Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Plasma lipids and glycaemic indices in australians following plant-based diets versus a meat-eating diet.Lipids in health and disease · 2024Article
- Adherence to plant-based diet during pregnancy and risk of gestational diabetes: a prospective birth cohort study.BMC nutrition · 2024Article
- Health Benefits of Vegetarian Diets: An Insight into the Main Topics.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Article
- 3. Prevention or Delay of Diabetes and Associated Comorbidities: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2024.Diabetes care · 2024Review
- Nutritional Strategies for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2023Review
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We quantitatively assessed the association between a vegetarian diet and diabetes risk using pooled estimates from observational studies. Electronic database searches for articles published from January 1980 to May 2016 were independently performed by two investigators, and 13 articles (14 studies) were identified. The pooled odds ratio (OR) for diabetes in vegetarians vs. non-vegetarians was 0.726 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.608, 0.867). In the subgroup analyses, this inverse association was stronger for the studies conducted in the Western Pacific region (OR 0.514, 95% CI: 0.304, 0.871) and Europe/North America (OR 0.756, 95% CI: 0.589, 0.971) than studies conducted in Southeast Asia (OR 0.888, 95% CI: 0.718, 1.099). No study had a substantial effect on the pooled effect size in the influence analysis, and the Egger's (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.