ArticleReproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E2017
The potential regulatory mechanisms of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone in gonadotropin transcriptions identified with bioinformatics analyses.
Article in Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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7 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Hypothalamus Transcriptome Reveals Key lncRNAs and mRNAs Associated with Fecundity in Goats.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Co‑expressed microRNAs, target genes and pathways related to metabolism, inflammation and endocrine function in individuals at risk for type 2 diabetes.Molecular medicine reports · 2022Article
- Identification of key genes and pathways of BMP-9-induced osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells by integrated bioinformatics analysis.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2021Article
- Article
- Effect of Interaction between Early Menarche and Genetic Polymorphisms on Triglyceride.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe regulation of gonadotropin synthesis and release by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) plays an essential role in the neuroendocrine control of reproduction. However, the mechanisms underlying gonadotropin regulation by GnRH pulse frequency and amplitude are still ambiguous. This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms and biological pathways associated with gonadotropin synthesis by GnRH pulse frequencies and amplitudes.
methodsUsing GSE63251 datasets downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by comparing the RNA expression from the GnRH pulse group, the GnRH tonic group and the control group. Pathway enrichment analyses of DEGs was performed, followed by protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction. Furthermore, sub-network modules were constructed by ClusterONE and GO function and pathways analysed by DAVID. In addition, the relationship between the metabolic pathways and the GnRH pathway was verified in vitro.
resultsIn total, 531 common DEGs were identified in GnRH groups, including 290 up-regulated and 241 down-regulated genes. DEGs predominantly enriched in 16 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, including 11 up-regulated pathways (signallingsignallingmetabolic pathways, signallingand GnRH signalling pathway) and 5 down-regulated pathways (type II diabetes mellitus). Moreover, FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene (FOS) and jun proto-oncogene (JUN) had higher connectivity degrees in the PPI network. Three modules in the PPI were identified with ClusterONE. The genes in module 1 were significantly enriched in five pathways, including signallingthe insulin resistance and GnRH signalling pathway. The genes in modules 2 and 3 were mainly enriched in metabolic pathways and steroid hormone biosynthesis, respectively. Finally, knockdown leptin receptor (LEPR) and insulin receptor (INSR) reversed the GnRH-modulated metabolic related-gene expression.
conclusionsThe present study revealed the involvement of GnRH in the regulation of gonadotropin biosynthesis and metabolism in the maintenance of reproduction, achieved by bioinformatics analyses. This, indicates that the GnRH signalling pathway played a central linkings role in reproductive function and metabolic balance. In addition, the present study identified the difference response between GnRH pulse and GnRH tone, indicated that abnormal GnRH pulse and amplitude may cause disease, which may provide an improved understanding of the GnRH pathway and a new insight for disease diagnosis and treatment.
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