ArticleInternational journal of oncology2017
The ginsenoside metabolite compound K inhibits growth, migration and stemness of glioblastoma cells.
Article in International journal of oncology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anticancer potential of natural bioactive compounds saponins in glioblastoma multiforme.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- A Potential Anti-Glioblastoma Compound LH20 Induces Apoptosis and Arrest of Human Glioblastoma Cells via CDK4/6 Inhibition.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Therapeutic Candidates for Alzheimer's Disease: Saponins.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Phytotherapy in Integrative Oncology-An Update of Promising Treatment Options.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Anticancer properties and pharmaceutical applications of ginsenoside compound K: A review.Chemical biology & drug design · 2022Review
- A narrative review of the pharmacology of ginsenoside compound K.Annals of translational medicine · 2022Review
- Potential roles of gut microbes in biotransformation of natural products: An overview.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- [The Effects of Ginsenoside Compound K on PDGF-BB-Induced PASMCs Proliferation and Phenotypic Conversion of Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2021Article
- Ginsenoside CK Inhibits Hypoxia-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transformation through the HIF-1α/NF-κB Feedback Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Ginsenoside compound K exerts antitumour effects in renal cell carcinoma via regulation of ROS and lncRNA THOR.Oncology reports · 2021Article
- Anticancer Activities of Ginsenosides, the Main Active Components of Ginseng.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2021Review
- Ginsenoside Rh7 Suppresses Proliferation, Migration and Invasion of NSCLC Cells Through Targeting ILF3-AS1 Mediated miR-212/SMAD1 Axis.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Article
- CLC-3 and SOX2 regulate the cell cycle in DU145 cells.Oncology letters · 2020Article
- Regorafenib and ginsenoside combination therapy: inhibition of HepG2 cell growth through modulating survivin and caspase-3 gene expression.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2020Article
- Ginsenoside Compound K: Insights into Recent Studies on Pharmacokinetics and Health-Promoting Activities.Biomolecules · 2020Review
- Ginsenoside CK induces apoptosis and suppresses proliferation and invasion of human osteosarcoma cells through the PI3K/mTOR/p70S6K1 pathway.Oncology reports · 2020Article
- Streptomyces sp. VN1, a producer of diverse metabolites including non-natural furan-type anticancer compound.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Black Ginseng and Its Saponins: Preparation, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Effects.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Various Multicharged Anions of Ginsenosides in Negative Electrospray Ionization with QTOF High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry.Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry · 2019Article
- Ginsenoside Rg3 Inhibits Migration and Invasion of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells and Suppresses Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition.BioMed research international · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive and malignant form of primary brain cancer. Despite recent advances in cancer treatment, it remains a substantially incurable disease. Accordingly, more effective GBM therapeutic options are urgently required. In the present study, we investigated the anticancer effect of a ginsenoside metabolite, compound K (CK), against GBM cells. CK significantly inhibited not only growth, but also metastatic ability of U87MG and U373MG cells. CK arrested cell cycle progression at the G0/G1 phase with a decrease in the expression levels of cyclin D1 and cyclin D3 in both cell types. CK also induced apoptosis in GBM cells through nuclear condensation, an increase in ROS generation, mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization, and activation of caspase-3, caspase-9 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Furthermore, CK inhibited phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, contributing to the antiproliferative and apoptotic effects. Moreover, CK suppressed the self-renewal capacity as well as the invasiveness of U87MG and U373MG GBM stem-like cells (GSCs) by inducing a reduction in the expression of GSC markers, such as CD133, Nanog, Oct4 and Sox2. Taken together, our findings suggest that CK may potentially be useful for GBM treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.