Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28730087›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of ophthalmology2017

Frequency of diabetic retinopathy and associated risk factors in Khartoum, Sudan: population based study.

Einas S Elwali, Ahmed O Almobarak, Mona A Hassan, Amir A Mahmooud, Heitham Awadalla, Mohamed H Ahmed

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PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of ophthalmology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
4.4field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Einas S ElwaliPublic and Tropical Heath Program, Graduate College, University of Medical Sciences and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan.
Ahmed O AlmobarakDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medical Sciences and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan.
Mona A HassanMakkah Eye Complex, Khartoum, Sudan.
Amir A MahmooudMakkah Eye Complex, Khartoum, Sudan.
Heitham AwadallaDepartment of Community Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
Mohamed H AhmedDepartment of Medicine and HIV Metabolic Clinic, Milton Keynes University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Eaglestone, Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire MK 6 5LD, UK.
University of Medical Sciences and Technology · SDUniversity of Khartoum · SD

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimTo assess the frequency and associated risk factors of diabetic retinopathy among Sudanese individuals with diabetes attending Makka Eye complex in Khartoum, Sudan.

methodsThe cross sectional hospital based study recruited 316 individuals with diabetes from Makkah Eye Complex Retina Clinic. Standard questionnaire was used to collect demographic data, medical history and life style characteristics. Blood samples were taken to measure HbA1c and lipid profile. Fundus and slit lamp examination were performed for screening of diabetic retinopathy.

resultsAmong 316 participants, 187 (59.2%) were males and 129 (40.8%) were females. The mean age of participants was 58.7±10.5y. The overall frequency of retinopathy was 261 (82.6%). The percentages of the total participants with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) were 126 (39.9%) and non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) were 135 (42.7%). Importantly, duration of diabetes mellitus (DM) (72.2% of more than 10y), being on oral hypoglycaemic drugs (versus insulin), and hypertension were all significant risk factors for diabetic retinopathy (

conclusionHigh rates of diabetic retinopathy are noted among individuals with diabetes attending Makkah Eye hospital in capital Khartoum. Urgent strategies are needed to monitor and treat hypertension and optimize diabetes control in individuals with diabetes. More investment in diabetes services is urgently needed.

Indexed as

diabetesdiabetic retinopathyinsulinSudan

Identifiers

PMID28730087
PMCPMC5515154
OpenAlexW2736019920

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.