Trial reportThe journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences2018
Long-term Impact of Weight Loss Intervention on Changes in Cognitive Function: Exploratory Analyses from the Action for Health in Diabetes Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.
Trial report in The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00017953 (Look AHEAD), which is not on this map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Look AHEAD: Action for Health in Diabetes
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Health-promotion interventions targeting multiple behaviors: A meta-analytic review of general and behavior-specific processes of change.Psychological bulletin · 2024Pooled it
- The effect of physical activity interventions on cognition function in patients with diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Does lifestyle intervention lower clinically significant cognitive impairment risk?Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Trial
- Multidomain Intervention Trial for Preventing Cognitive Decline among Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: J-MIND-Diabetes.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2024Trial
- Effect of renin-angiotensin system antihypertensive medication use on cognitive function in diabetes mellitus with obesity or overweight: An ancillary study to the Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2022Trial
- Association of cognition with leptin and vascular endothelial growth factor in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2022Trial
- Legacy of a 10-Year Multidomain Lifestyle Intervention on the Cognitive Trajectories of Individuals with Overweight/Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders · 2021Trial
- Long-term Change in Physiological Markers and Cognitive Performance in Type 2 Diabetes: The Look AHEAD Study.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2020Trial
- Impact of Multidomain Lifestyle Intervention on Frailty Through the Lens of Deficit Accumulation in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2020Trial
- Metabolic and Neurocognitive Changes Following Lifestyle Modification: Examination of Biomarkers from the ENLIGHTEN Randomized Clinical Trial.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2020Trial
- Impact of a Multidomain Intensive Lifestyle Intervention on Complaints About Memory, Problem-Solving, and Decision-Making Abilities: The Action for Health in Diabetes Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2018Trial
- Cardiometabolic factors and risk of dementia in people with type 2 diabetes in England: a large retrospective cohort study.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2026Article
- Association of BMI and Cognitive Performance in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2025Article
- Acute Effect of Intranasal Insulin on Food Intake Among Middle-Aged African American Adults: The FIINAAL Study.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2025Article
- Long-term outcomes of a Mediterranean diet with or without calorie restriction on cognition and cardiometabolic health: The building research in diet and cognition trial.Preventive medicine reports · 2025Article
- Greater BMI across the lifespan is associated with better midlife cognition: The Bogalusa Heart Study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Effects of lifestyle intervention and supplementation with insoluble oat fiber on cognitive functions in patients with prediabetes: a secondary analysis of the Optimal Fiber Trial.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Effects of indoor biophilic environments on cognitive function in elderly patients with diabetes: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Exploring the effects of adiponectin and leptin in correlating obesity with cognitive decline: a systematic review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Diabetes adversely impacts cognition. Lifestyle change can improve diabetes control and potentially improve cognition. We examined whether weight loss through reduced caloric intake and increased physical activity was associated with slower cognitive aging in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: The Look AHEAD randomized controlled clinical trial delivered 10 years of intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) that yielded long-term weight losses. During 5 years spanning the end of intervention and postintervention follow-up, repeated cognitive assessments were obtained in 1,091 individuals who had been assigned to ILI or a control condition of diabetes support and education (DSE). We compared the means and slopes of scores on cognitive testing over these repeated assessments. Results: Compared with DSE, assignment to ILI was associated with a -0.082 SD deficit in mean global cognitive function across repeated assessments (p = .010). However, overweight (body mass index [BMI] < 30 kg/m2) ILI participants had 0.099 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.006, 0.259) better mean global cognitive function compared with overweight DSE participants, while obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) ILI participants had -0.117 (-0.185, -0.049) SD worse mean composite cognitive function scores (interaction p = .014) compared to obese DSE participants. For both overweight and obese participants, cognitive decline was marginally (-0.014 SD/y overall) steeper for ILI participants (p = .068), with 95% CI for differences in slopes excluding 0 for measures of attention and memory. Conclusions: The behavioral weight loss intervention was associated with small relative deficits in cognitive function among individuals who were obese and marginally greater cognitive decline overall compared to control. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00017953.
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Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.